青海湖流域近50年气候变化与特征分析  

Analysis of Climate Change and Its Characteristics in Qinghai Lake Basin over the Past 50 Years

作　　者：张明[1] 曹学章[1] 

机构地区：[1]环境保护部南京环境科学研究所,生态保护与气候变化研究中心,江苏南京210042

出　　处：《新疆环境保护》2016年第4期6-11,共6页Environmental Protection of Xinjiang

基　　金：国家环境保护公益性行业科研专项(重要生态功能区退化生态系统修复模式研究与应用示范)(201409055)

摘　　要：利用青海省天峻气象站、刚察气象站、海晏气象站和共和气象站建站以来到2010年的观测数据，以及青海省布哈河口水文站、刚察水文站和下社水文站多年来的观测数据，从降水、气温和蒸发量的多年变化分析了青海湖流域近50年的气候变化趋势。结果表明，青海湖流域多年降水主要存在一个2～3年和3—4年的变化周期；近53年来，流域内及其周边地区年均气温增加显著，整个流域从1987年左右开始显著增温，线性升温率约为0．3℃／10a，多年平均气温以2—3年的变化周期为主；青海湖流域蒸发的多年变化情况和降水类似，处于波动状态，没有明显的变化趋势。综合近53年流域降水、气温和蒸发的年际变化情况，青海湖流域从1958-2010年气候由冷干逐渐向暖湿变化。The trend of climate change over the past 50 years in Qinghai Lake Basin is analyzed through changes in precipitation, temperature and amount of evaporation based oft observed data at Tianjun, Gangcha, Haiyan and Gonghe Meteorological Stations in Qinghai Province since the foundation of these stations until 2010 as well as observed data at Buha Ouffall, Gangcha and Xiashe Hydrologic Stations in Qinghai for years. The results show that the precipitation in Qinghai Lake Basin for ages is mainly subject to change cycles of 2 - 3 years and 3 - 4 years; over the past 53 years, annual temperature in the basin and its surrounding areas has increased 1987 in the whole basin, with the linear heating rate being about 0.3℃/10a and significantly, which started around perennial mean temperature mainly showing a change cycle of 2- 3 years ; the multi-year variation of evaporation in Qinghai Lake Basin is similar to that and dry to warm and wet from 1958-2010.

关 键 词：气候变化 降水量 气温 蒸发量 青海湖 

分 类 号：P467[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]