我国《非常规工作制条件下职业接触限值调整指南》的核心内容  

Core contents of Guidelines for the adjustment of occupational exposure limits for unusual work schedules in China

作　　者：杜燮祎[1] 张敏[1] 李文捷[1] 吴维皑[1] 徐伯洪[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国疾病预防控制中心职业卫生与中毒控制所,北京100050

出　　处：《中国安全生产科学技术》2016年第12期5-14,共10页Journal of Safety Science and Technology

基　　金：国家职业卫生标准制(修)订项目:非常规工作制职业接触限值调整指南(20100313);卫生公益性行业科研专项"新增法定职业病防治关键技术研究"(201402021)

摘　　要：对我国现行的职业接触限值进行梳理,系统研究美国、加拿大等国家职业接触限值调整的原理及方法,提出我国非常规工作制条件下职业接触限值的调整,进行系统综述,确定标准框架及实施难点和技术问题,建立722种职业性化学有害因素数据库,确定其调整分类,专家评议。确定我国《非常规工作制条件下职业接触限值调整指南》的核心内容,包括调整原则、步骤、调整系数的计算以及根据健康损害类型、生物半减期(如果已知)、建立职业接触限值的依据以及毒理学及药(毒)代动力学数据对722种职业性化学有害因素的非常规工作制调整分类及调整方法等。调整方法包括4种:不需调整、日调整、周调整及日调整或周调整(选择2者中较严格的1种)。建议尽快以推荐性标准发布《非常规工作制条件下职业接触限值调整指南》,并加快多种接触联合作用研究。To put forward the adjustment of occupational exposure limits（ OLEs） for unusual work schedules in China by hackling the current OLEs in our country and systematically studying the principle and methods about the adjustment of OLEs for unusual work schedules in America,Canada and other countries. The systematic review was conducted to determine the framework of the standard,the implementation difficulties and the technical problems,and a database including 722 kinds of occupational chemical hazardous factors was established. The adjustment classification was determined,and the expert appraise was carried out. The core contents of Guidelines for the adjustment of occupational exposure limits for unusual work schedules in China were determined,including the adjustment principle,procedure and calculation of adjustment factors,as well as the adjustment classification and adjustment methods under usual work schedules for 722 kinds of chemical hazardous factors according to the types of health damage,the biological half- life（ if known）,the basis of establishing OLEs,and the toxicology and pharmacokinetics（ toxicokinetics） data. The adjustment methods include four types,such as without adjustment,daily adjustment,weekly adjustment,and daily or weekly adjustment（ the more strict type of the two）. Guidelines for the adjustment of occupational exposure limits for unusual work schedules of China should be published as recommended standard as soon as possible,and a further study should be conducted about the combined effect of multiple exposure.

关 键 词：非常规工作制 职业接触限值 调整系数 分类 日调整 周调整 

分 类 号：X965[环境科学与工程—安全科学]