Numerical simulations of full-wave fi elds and analysis of channel wave characteristics in 3-D coal mine roadway models  

煤巷三维槽波全波场数值模拟与波场特征分析（英文）

作　　者：Yang Si-Tong Wei Jiu-Chuan Cheng Jiu-Long Shi Long-Qing Wen Zhi-Jie 杨思通;魏久传;程久龙;施龙青;文志杰(山东省沉积成矿作用与沉积矿产重点实验室,山东科技大学地球科学与工程学院,山东青岛266590;中国矿业大学煤炭资源与安全开采国家重点实验室,北京100083;矿山灾害预防控制省部共建国家重点实验室培育基地,山东青岛266590)

机构地区：[1]Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Depositional Mineralization ＆ Sedimentary Minerals, College of Earth Sciences ＆ Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266590, China [2]State Key Laboratory of Coal Resources and Safe Mining, China University of Mining and Technology （Beijing）, Beijing 100083, China [3]Key Laboratory of Mine Disaster Prevention and Control, Shandong University of Science ＆ Technology, Qingdao 266590, China

出　　处：《Applied Geophysics》2016年第4期621-630,737,共11页应用地球物理（英文版）

基　　金：supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.41204077,41372290,41572244,51034003,51174210,and 51304126);natural science foundation of Shandong Province(Nos.ZR2011EEZ002 and ZR2013EEQ019);State Key Research Development Program of China(No.2016YFC0600708-3)

摘　　要：Currently, numerical simulations of seismic channel waves for the advance detection of geological structures in coal mine roadways focus mainly on modeling two- dimensional wave fields and therefore cannot accurately simulate three-dimensional （3-D） full-wave fields or seismic records in a full-space observation system. In this study, we use the first-order velocity-stress staggered-grid finite difference algorithm to simulate 3-D full-wave fields with P-wave sources in front of coal mine roadways. We determine the three components of velocity Vx, Vy, and Vz for the same node in 3-D staggered-grid finite difference models by calculating the average value of Vy, and Vz of the nodes around the same node. We ascertain the wave patterns and their propagation characteristics in both symmetrical and asymmetric coal mine roadway models. Our simulation results indicate that the Rayleigh channel wave is stronger than the Love channel wave in front of the roadway face. The reflected Rayleigh waves from the roadway face are concentrated in the coal seam, release less energy to the roof and floor, and propagate for a longer distance. There are surface waves and refraction head waves around the roadway. In the seismic records, the Rayleigh wave energy is stronger than that of the Love channel wave along coal walls of the roadway, and the interference of the head waves and surface waves with the Rayleigh channel wave is weaker than with the Love channel wave. It is thus difficult to identify the Love channel wave in the seismic records. Increasing the depth of the receivers in the coal walls can effectively weaken the interference of surface waves with the Rayleigh channel wave, but cannot weaken the interference of surface waves with the Love channel wave. Our research results also suggest that the Love channel wave, which is often used to detect geological structures in coal mine stopes, is not suitable for detecting geological structures in front of coal mine roadways. Instead, the Rayleigh channel wave can be used for 当前煤巷地震槽波超前探测数值模拟主要以二维波场研究为主,难以精确模拟三维全波场特征和全空间观测方式接收的地震记录。本文应用三维弹性波动方程的交错网格有限差分算法模拟了在巷道迎头前方煤层中以纵波震源激发的三维全波场。采用取平均值的办法实现了交错网格地震波场模拟的振动速度三分量同点记录。查明了三维顶底板对称煤巷模型和非对称模型中传播的波型及其传播特征。研究发现巷道迎头前方煤层内Rayleigh型槽波能量较强,Love型槽波能量较弱,煤层内巷道迎头反射Rayleigh型槽波在煤层顶、底板中泄露能量较小,在煤层中传播距离较远;在巷道周围存在巷道面波和折射头波;在煤巷两侧煤层内接收的地震记录中Rayleigh型槽波能量较强,受头波和面波的干扰较弱,而Love型槽波能量较弱,受到相对强能量头波和面波干扰,难以识别;增加接收点在煤层中的深度可以有效降低面波对Rayleigh型槽波的干扰,但不能有效减弱面波对Love型槽波的干扰。基于以上波场认识,发现传统的采煤工作面Love型槽波构造探测方法难以适用于掘进煤巷构造超前探测,Rayleigh型槽波可以用于掘进煤巷构造超前探测。

关 键 词：Channel wave 3-D wave field Numerical simulation Coal mine roadway Advance detection 

分 类 号：TD326[矿业工程—矿井建设] P631.4[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]