我国农作物秸秆转化生物能源潜力评估  

Potential Estimation of Crop Straw in China for Biofuels

作　　者：艾斌凌[1] 郑丽丽[1] 郑晓燕[1] 盛占武[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国热带农业科学院海口实验站,海南海口570102

出　　处：《热带农业科学》2016年第12期74-79,共6页Chinese Journal of Tropical Agriculture

基　　金：海南省自然科学基金资助项目(No.20154194)

摘　　要：农作物秸秆是一种价格低廉的可再生资源,燃料化是其资源化利用的重要途径。以农作物经济产量为依据,对我国各类农作物秸秆的产量和可收集利用量进行估算,进而评估其生物转化甲烷和燃料乙醇的潜力。2014年我国农作物秸秆产量达72 836.9万t,其中可收集利用量达60 986.1万t。玉米秸秆、水稻秸秆和小麦秸秆为前三大秸秆资源。河南省、黑龙江省和山东省的秸秆资源是最为丰富。以热值估算,仅玉米秸秆、水稻秸秆和小麦秸秆三大秸秆可折合标准煤量20 177.5万t。基于微生物发酵工艺估算,我国主要农作物秸秆可生产甲烷1 286.8亿m^3,或可生产燃料乙醇1 823.5亿升。我国农作物秸秆的可收集利用量巨大,以其为原料生产生物燃料具有广泛的开发前景。Crop straw is an annual renewable resource with promising application for bioenergy. The production and collectable amounts of crop straws were estimated based on the economic production of crops to assess their potential for biofuels production, and the potential for their biological conversion to methane and ethanol was evaluated. In 2014, more than 72 836.9×104t of straw was produced, of which more than 60 986.1×104t could be collected. Corn stalk, rice straw and wheat straw are the major crop stalks or straws in China, and are most abundant in Henan, Heilongjiang and Shandong provinces. The collectable amount of these major crop stalks or straws is equivalent to 20177.5 ×10^4t of standard coal calculated at equal heating value. The collectable crop stalks or straws of the major crops in China can produce more than 106.12 billion m^3 of methane or 182.35 billion liters of ethanol when they are fermented with microorganism. China produces enormous amounts of crop stalks or straws every year,which have a great potential for biofuels production.

关 键 词：农作物秸秆 可收集利用量 生物能源 甲烷 燃料乙醇 潜力评估 

分 类 号：TQ35[化学工程] X712[环境科学与工程—环境工程]