适应湍流风况变化的风能捕获量-载荷多目标优化最大功率点跟踪控制  

Improved MPPT Control of Wind Turbines Based on Multi-Objective Optimization of Wind Energy Capture and Stress With Consideration of Variable Turbulence Conditions

作　　者：周连俊 殷明慧[1] 周前[2] 陈载宇 汪成根[2] 邹云[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京理工大学自动化学院,江苏省南京市210094 [2]江苏省电力公司电力科学研究院,江苏省南京市211103

出　　处：《电网技术》2017年第1期64-71,共8页Power System Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(61673213;61174038;51507080);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助(30915011104;30920140112005)~~

摘　　要：大型风力机广泛应用功率信号反馈(power signalfeedback,PSF)方法实现最大功率点跟踪(maximum power point tracking,MPPT)控制。而目前该方法的改进大多仅专注风能捕获量的提升,忽视了由此导致的转矩剧烈变化对载荷的负面影响。因此,PSF方法的改进有必要在风能捕获和载荷之间进行权衡。根据对风能捕获量和载荷相互影响的仿真分析,发现两者的均衡协调需随湍流风况而改变。基于此,提出了考虑湍流风况变化的风能捕获量-载荷多目标优化MPPT控制。该方法基于恒带宽PSF方法,采用响应面模型离线构建风能捕获量-载荷均衡的决定参数(即带宽)的最优值与湍流风速特征指标的非线性函数关系,通过带宽设定值随风速特征的在线调整,实现了风能捕获量-载荷的多目标优化。最后,应用FAST(Fatigue,Aerodynamics,Structures and Turbulence)软件的仿真结果验证了该方法的有效性。Power signal feedback（PSF） control is a commonly used method for maximum power point tracking（MPPT） control especially for large-scale wind turbines. Improved PSF methods only focus on wind energy capture enhancement, while their negative effects on stress caused by dramatic torque change are neglected. Therefore, it is necessary to take trade-off between wind energy capture and mechanical stress into account in improvements of PSF method. According to simulation analysis of interaction between wind energy capture and stress, their coordination needs to be adjusted with turbulence condition variation. An improved MPPT control of wind turbines adapted to variable turbulence conditions based on multi-objective optimization of energy capture and stress is therefore proposed. Nonlinear functional relation between optimal energy capture and stress balancing parameter（i.e., bandwidth） and turbulent wind speed characteristics are constructed based on constant-bandwidth PSF method with response surface model. Then, multi-objective optimization of wind energy capture and stress is realized by simultaneously modifying the bandwidth with wind condition variation. Finally, using FAST（Fatigue, Aerodynamics, Structures, and Turbulence） code, simulation studies are performed to verify effectiveness of the proposed method.

关 键 词：最大功率点跟踪 功率信号反馈法 载荷 湍流风况 恒带宽 多目标优化 

分 类 号：TM72[电气工程—电力系统及自动化]