遥感监测2005～2015年中国NO_2时空特征及分析影响因素  

Spatio-temporal Change and Influencing Factors of Tropospheric NO_2 Column Density of China during 2005～2015

作　　者：周春艳[1] 厉青[1] 张丽娟[1] 马鹏飞[1] 陈辉[1] 王中挺[1] 

机构地区：[1]环境保护部卫星环境应用中心,北京100094

出　　处：《遥感技术与应用》2016年第6期1190-1200,共11页Remote Sensing Technology and Application

基　　金：高分辨率对地观测系统重大专项(05-Y20A16-9001-15/17);国家863计划项目(2014AA06A508)

摘　　要：基于OMI对流层NO_2柱浓度产品研究了2005-2015年中国及各省（市、区）NO_2时空变化及影响因素：1中国对流层NO_2柱浓度2005-2009年波动较小,2010-2011年升幅较大,2012年较2011年有所下降,2013年与2012年持平,2014、2015年持续大幅下降;2中国NO_2高浓度分布面积11年来变化显著,五级高浓度分布面积2005-2011年呈显著上升趋势,2011年面积最大为37.2万km2;2011-2013年波动较小;2014-2015年呈直线下降趋势,2015年降低到6.1万km2;3上海、天津两市对流层NO_2柱浓度处于五级高浓度水平,其中上海是中国浓度最高的城市,山东是中国浓度最高的省;4对流层NO_2柱浓度的变化与第二产业生产总值相关性很大,需要调整优化产业结构降低第二产业比重才能得到改善;长期依赖燃煤高污染的能源结构也是导致NO_2浓度居高不下的一个重要原因,亟需开发新能源以替代煤燃料等各种办法;机动车保有量快速增加,汽车标准及油品跟不上国际发展水平,导致NO_2排放量大增。Based on satellite derived NOz column data from OMI,the characteristics of spatial and temporal distribution of tropospheric NO2 column density and its impact factors over China during 2005-2015 is an- alysed.Results demonstrate： Tropospheric NOz column density had a small fluctuation during 2005-2009, and had a larger increase during 2010-2011 ,and declined in 2012 ,and had a sharp drop during 2014-2015. The area of the high tropospheric NO2 column density changed significantly during 2005-2015 ,the area of the highest level had been on the rise during 2005-2011 ,and reached a peak with a7.2 million square kilo- metres in 2011 ,and kept stable during 2011-2013 ,and dropped sharply during 2014-2015 ,and shrunk to 6.1 million square kilometres in 2015.Tropospheric NO2 column density over Shanghai and Tianjin was highest and in the fifth level.Shanghai is the city with the highest NOe concentration of China,and Shan- dong is the province with the highest concentration of China.Pollution sources are determined by the in- dustrial and energy structure to a large extent.Atmospheric environment should be improved by optimizing industrial structure to reduce the proportion of secondary industry.It is an important reason for high NO2 concentration that is long-term dependence on the energy structure of coal high pollution,and is urgent to develop new energy to replace coal fuel.Other reasons for NO emissions increase are the rapid increase of the number of vehicles, and vehicle standards and oil dropping behind the international development level.

关 键 词：对流层NO2柱浓度 OMI 遥感监测 时空变化 影响因素 

分 类 号：X87[环境科学与工程—环境工程]