柴油机排放颗粒物中微组分对灰霾的影响  

Effect of Micro-Components from Diesel Particulate Matter on Haze

作　　者：李英杰[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海工程技术大学化学化工学院,上海201620

出　　处：《上海工程技术大学学报》2016年第4期290-293,共4页Journal of Shanghai University of Engineering Science

基　　金：上海工程技术大学校基金资助项目(2012gp15)

摘　　要：利用X线荧光光谱(XRF)、X线光电子能谱(XPS)和红外光谱(IR)技术,分析了4种柴油发动机排气管内积存的碳颗粒物的微观组成、存在形态和颗粒物的表面物种组成,并讨论了它们与灰霾污染物之间的关系.结果表明,柴油车排放的碳颗粒物是由碳烟、金属氧化物和表面硝酸盐、硫酸盐等组成的复杂体系,是灰霾污染物的重要组成部分.颗粒物中共存的金属氧化物对表面硝酸盐和硫酸盐物种的形成可能具有一定的协同催化或拮抗效应.X-ray fluorescence （XRF）, X-ray photoelectron spectoscopy （XPS） and infraed radiation （IR） were used to test elemental compositions and their existing state, as well as surface species of particulate matter （PM） accumulated in the tail pipe of four different diesel engines. The relationship between the composition of PM and haze pollutants was discussed. The results demonstrate that PM from diesel exhaust is a complex system, including soot, metallic oxides, nitrates and sulfates, which are the main compositions of haze pollutants. The co-existance of metallic oxides may have a synergistic or antagonistic effect on the formation of nitrates and sulfates species.

关 键 词：颗粒物 灰霾 硝酸盐 硫酸盐 金属氧化物 

分 类 号：X51[环境科学与工程—环境工程]