青海柴达木盆地三高井钻井液技术  

Drilling Fluid Technology for “Three High” Wells in Qaidam Basin in Qinghai

作　　者：王信 张民立 王强 庄伟 章卫军 王志彬 李毅峰[3] 

机构地区：[1]渤海钻探泥浆技术服务分公司,天津300280 [2]渤海钻探第三钻井分公司,天津300280 [3]青海油田公司采油五厂,甘肃敦煌736202

出　　处：《钻井液与完井液》2016年第6期45-50,共6页Drilling Fluid & Completion Fluid

摘　　要：柴达木盆地的牛东、冷湖、扎哈泉和英西区块地层岩性复杂,有盐层、盐膏层、芒硝层、硬脆性泥岩、高压盐水层,以往钻井事故和复杂频发,盆地阿尔金山前带牛东鼻隆构造,受造山运动影响,整体地层倾角为60°~70°,地应力较高且存在高压盐水层,压力系数多变,裸眼井段井壁失稳现象时有发生。2013年至今,在柴达木盆地应用BH-WEI抗三高钻井液服务各类井20口,为做好各区块钻井液技术服务,施工前查阅相关资料,结合室内实验与现场试验,总结得出低活度、弱水化与强封堵、强抑制有利于井壁稳定的结论,已完成青海油田1字号重点风险预探井4口、第1口分支水平井和扎哈泉第1口水平井,最高使用钻井液密度为2.35 g/cm^3,平均井径扩大率为4.67%,电测成功率为100%。其中应用井扎平1井是油田公司在扎哈泉致密油区块部署的第1口水平井;东坪区块仅在2013年采用威德福MEG钻井液完成1口四开水平井,因漏失严重且井下复杂提前完钻,而2013~2014年在该区块应用BH-WEI钻井液顺利完成水平井6口,实现零事故复杂;2014年初投产的坪1H-2-2和坪1H-2-1井,完井测试均为区块高产井,平均日产天然气50×104 m^3/d。现场应用情况表明,抗三高钻井液体系配方简单,维护方便,具有良好的剪切稀释性,具备动塑比高、塑性黏度低等特性,环空压耗小,井眼清洁,具有良好的润滑防卡和防塌能力,可防止侏罗系深灰色泥岩垮塌及水平井定向托压及黏附卡钻,形成一套适合青海油田复杂区块探井、水平井钻井液工艺技术。Four blocks in the Qaidam Basin, Niudong, Lenghu, Zahaquan and Yingxi, have formation rocks with complex lithology, such as salt, gypsum, mirabilite, and hard and brittle shales etc. Downhole troubles have been frequently encountered in previous drilling operations. The Niudong nasal structure in the piedmont of the Altun Mountain in the basin, affected by the orogenesis, has overall formation dipping angles between 60？and 70？ High formation stress, high pressure saltwater and varied coeffcients of pressure have resulted in frequent borehole wall instability in open hole section. A BH-WEI drilling fluid for the so-called ＂three high＂ （high pressure, high sulfde, and high risk area） wells, has been used in drilling 20 wells since 2013. To perform well in drilling fluid technical service, relevant data were investigated prior to drilling. Based on laboratory experiment and feld practice, it was concluded that drilling fluid with low activity, strong plugging and inhibitive capacity was benefcial to borehole wall stability. Four key exploratory wells, the frst multi-lateral horizontal well and the frst horizontal well in Zahaquan have been completed, the maximum mud density used was 2.35 g/cm3, the average percentage of hole enlargement was 4.67%, and the ratio of successful wireline logging was 100%. The well Zaping-1 is the frst horizontal well targeted with tight oil reservoir in Zahaquan. In the block Dongping, a four-interval horizontal well was drilled in 2013 with Weatherford＇s MEG drilling fluid. This well was not be able to drill to the designed depth because of severe mud losses and other downhole troubles. Using the BH-WEI drilling fluid, six horizontal wells were completed successfully in 2013-2014 in the same block, and no downhole trouble has been encountered throughout the drilling operations. Two horizontal wells, Ping-1H-2-1 and Ping-1H-2-2, put into production in 2014, were both high production rate wells in the same block; the average daily gas production rate was 50？04 m3/d. Field

关 键 词：井壁稳定 高压盐水层 有机盐钻井液 抗三高水基钻井液 低活度 封堵 防止地层损害 柴达木盆地 

分 类 号：TE254.3[石油与天然气工程—油气井工程]