核电厂排放的^(85)Kr的分析方法及剂量评估  

Analysis and dose assessment of ^(85)Kr released from NPP

作　　者：黄彦君[1] 郭贵银[1] 张兵[1] 陶云良[1] 沙向东 陈超峰[1] 上官志洪[1] 

机构地区：[1]苏州热工研究院有限公司,江苏苏州215004

出　　处：《辐射防护》2017年第1期73-79,共7页Radiation Protection

摘　　要：分析了^(85)Kr的性质及其在环境中的迁移行为,对气态流出物和环境介质中^(85)Kr的测量方法进行了总结。研究表明,对核电厂气态流出物和空气、水样品中的^(85)Kr,需要经分离纯化进行样品制备,并在液闪谱仪上测量,以获得足够低的探测限。对^(85)Kr的剂量评估方法进行了研究,采用目前我国主流机型CPR1000、AP1000和华龙一号的排放源项进行估算,表明核电厂释放的^(85)Kr对公众造成的辐射剂量极小。In this paper, the characteristics and environmental behavior of ^85Kr released from NPP are presented. The analytical methods for ^85Kr in gaseous effluents from NPP and in environmental samples （including air and water） are also investigated and summarized. Our research indicated that the most effective analytical method for ^85Kr in effluents and in low-level air and water is Liquid Scintillation Spectrometer （LSC） with a series of separation and purification procedures. Meanwhile, the atmospheric dispersion factors of ^85Kr were studied using typical release source terms for the CPR1000, AP1000, and Hualong One reactor types. The results indicated that the exposure dose to the public would be extremely small.

关 键 词：核电厂 ^85Kr 分析方法 剂量评估 

分 类 号：R144[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学] TL751[核科学技术—辐射防护及环境保护]