农村小学生家长租房陪读与家庭经济条件——学校布局调整后农村小学教育不公平的新特征  

Rental Accommodations and Household Economic Conditions for Rural Primary School Students: A New Feature of Inequality in Primary Education under the Policy on Consolidation of Primary Schools in Rural China

作　　者：庞晓鹏[1] 龙文进[1] 董晓媛 曾俊霞[3] 

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学农业与农村发展学院 [2]加拿大温尼伯大学经济学系 [3]中国社会科学院农村发展研究所

出　　处：《中国农村观察》2017年第1期97-112,共16页China Rural Survey

基　　金：福特基金会;中国博士后科学基金资助项目"寄宿或租房?--农村小学租房陪读生成绩;心理比较研究"(批准号:2015M570897);国家自然科学基金项目"农民工的住房保障;在外居住抉择与家乡住房投资行为研究"(批准号:71373271)的资助

摘　　要：本文采用随机抽样方法获取大样本数据,通过对样本小学四年级、五年级九千多名学生的调查,分析了西部农村小学生家长租房陪读现象,探讨了不同家庭经济条件学生家长在租房陪读上的差异及其原因。研究发现:家长租房陪读的小学生占西部农村小学生的1/4;低经济水平组家庭家长租房陪读的概率更高。农村学校布局调整后,为了让子女获得相同水平的教育,低经济水平家庭要付出更高的成本租房陪读,这是农村小学教育不公平的新特征。低经济水平家庭家长租房陪读概率高与农村学校布局调整政策、寄宿可得性、父母就业、房租和生活成本、择校等因素有关。Based on a random sample of 9179 primary school students in rural West China, this article describes the current situation of rental accommodations for primary school students, and explores the differences in the selection of rental accommodations among households under different economic conditions. The results show that one quarter of parents in this sample choose to rent an accommodation for their children. Households with lower incomes are more likely to rent accommodations. Poor households need to take higher cost to get quality education for their children under the policy on consolidation of primary schools, which is a new feature of inequality in rural primary education. The study suggests that, besides continuing improving the facilities of boarding schools, the government should pay more attention to students of low income households to promote educational equality, and start to implement pilot projects like 'Special Low-rent Housing for Education' and 'Subsidies for Educational Rental Accommodations'.

关 键 词：租房陪读 农村教育 教育公平 学校布局调整 寄宿 

分 类 号：F061.3[经济管理—政治经济学]