皮肤三维打印的研究进展  

Advances in the research of three-dimensional skin printing

作　　者：盛嘉隽 刘功成[1] 李海航[1] 朱世辉[1] 

机构地区：[1]第二军医大学长海医院烧伤外科,全军烧伤研究所,上海200433

出　　处：《中华烧伤杂志》2017年第1期27-30,共4页Chinese Journal of Burns

摘　　要：增材制造技术从快速成形技术、二维打印技术、微滴喷射技术等演变而来，结合现代材料学形成了三维打印技术[1]。该技术虽然在生物医学领域起步较晚，但发展势头迅猛，已经在医疗器械中得到广泛应用，包括口腔假体、关节假体、假肢、手术器械、康复器械等。此外，包含活细胞打印的生物三维打印技术发展同样迅猛，打印模拟的皮肤组织、心肌组织、肝脏组织、血管组织等均可见报道[2,3]。我国每年有（500～1 000）万人不同程度被烧伤[4]，其中严重大面积烧伤患者可供移植的自体皮肤面积小，限制了对患者的救治。此外，治疗时间是影响烧伤患者治疗效果的关键因素，早期采取损害控制的时间越早，患者的存活率越高[5]。许多烧伤患者由于缺少供皮区，难以及时处理，导致疗效差。将生物三维打印技术应用于制造人工皮肤，其前景十分可观。与传统皮肤移植方式相比，生物三维打印技术具有能在体外快速、高精度、按需构建皮肤的特点[6]。利用生物三维打印技术制造人工皮肤，将大大缩短患者治疗时间，改善治疗效果。As a new technology, three-dimensional printing possesses the characteristics of high precision and strong controllability, which has become a new technology and can be used in tissue engineering. Currently, using three-dimensional printing to build artificial skin has made certain achievement, and experiments in vitro have confirmed that the three-dimensional printing has the possibilities to build artificial skin whose structure and function are close to those of nature skin. However, the technology is not yet very mature and there are still some problems need to be solved, such as the recreation of the cutaneous appendages and the degradation and absorption of the extracellular matrix.

关 键 词：烧伤 组织工程 皮肤 三维打印 

分 类 号：R751[医药卫生—皮肤病学与性病学] TP391.73[医药卫生—临床医学]