三江源国家公园体制试点区生态旅游系统构建与运行机制探讨  

Ecotourism construction and operating mechanism in the Sanjiangyuan National Park System Pilot Area,China

作　　者：向宝惠[1] 曾瑜皙 

机构地区：[1]中华女子学院管理学院,北京100101 [2]中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所,北京100101 [3]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《资源科学》2017年第1期50-60,共11页Resources Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41671527);环境保护部项目(国家公园体制研究)

摘　　要：生态旅游是三江源国家公园体制试点区建设的重要内容之一,社会-生态系统(SESs)理论作为新兴的可持续发展分析方法,为试点区生态旅游发展研究提供了新视角。本文在SESs框架下,构建了三江源国家公园体制试点区生态旅游社会-生态系统(E-SESs),并探讨其运行机制。研究表明:(1)鉴于国家公园资源属性,将社会-生态系统理论运用于试点区生态旅游研究具有合理性与必要性;(2)试点区生态旅游系统由管理、运营、社区参与和公众支持4个子系统有机构成,以实现四维目标;(3)从系统变量间的相互作用关系出发,系统运行机制包含政府主导、分区利用、绿色运营、游客管理、环境教育、社区参与、公众支持7个方面。最后,提出未来研究需要关注的问题。It is urgent that we understand two issues for the Sanjiangyuan National Park Pilot Area （SNP） ： how to achieve sustainable development of ecological tourism, and how to release the contradiction between ecological protection and local economic development. Researchers are only now beginning to enter a phase where they can contribute to the decision-making processes. Socialecological systems （SESs） theory is an emerging conceptual framework of sustainable development and provides a new perspective for SNE This paper embedded SNP ecotourism into society-ecosystem circulation, applied SESs to SNP ecotourism research, and constructed an ecotourism system and operation mechanism under a SNP context. We found that the public attributes of SNP＇ s resources make it reasonable to tum to SESs theory. Interaction between core stakeholders （tourism manager, operators, communities, tourists, public and ecological attractions） forms the four functional systems of management, operation, community participation and public support, which facilitate the dimensions of ecology, culture, market demand and business. Based on the interaction between system-units, the operating mechanism should include seven aspects： government domination, zoning utilization, green operation, visitor management, environmental education, community participation and public support. Future research should look at how to enhance the operability of ecological tourism system operation mechanisms, and different subjects and different behaviors. There is also a need for explicit indexes under different state space and connection in a dynamic context involving elements of the system and the outside world.

关 键 词：生态旅游系统 运行机制 社会-生态系统理论 三江源国家公园体制试点区 

分 类 号：F592[经济管理—旅游管理]