六届四中全会与罗章龙另立中央  

The Fourth Conference of the Sixth Congress of the Chinese Communist Party and Luo Zhanglong's Establishment of Another Party Center

作　　者：张永[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学马克思主义学院中国近现代史研究所,北京100871

出　　处：《近代史研究》2017年第1期48-71,共24页Modern Chinese History Studies

摘　　要：罗章龙、何孟雄反对派大致形成于1931年9月六届三中全会前,他们在这次会议上遭到了压制。国际来信和米夫11月到上海后,中共中央最初只向共产国际认错,继续压制反对派。12月23日中央九十六号通告转而向反对派公开认错,开启了党内民主高潮。反对派以紧急会议为号召,以全国总工会、江南省委等为基地动员起来,试图自下而上改组中共中央,取得中央领导权。华北党组织也在九十六号通告影响下在天津自发成立了紧急会议筹备处,夺取了省委权力。但莫斯科最终确定召开四中全会,米夫拒绝了反对派的要求,计划保留多数原中央领导,引入少量留苏学生,同时吸收部分反对派,组成一个三结合的新中央。六届四中全会上发生了激烈冲突,失败的罗章龙派愤而走向决裂。他们成立"非常委员会",引发全国总工会及江苏、华北、东北等不少党组织分裂,但由于自身的局限、中共中央分化瓦解和国民党的残酷镇压很快失败。激烈的党内斗争使中共白区党组织元气大伤,悲观失望情绪弥漫,失去一批经验丰富的干部,中共在白区的影响急剧衰落。Luo Zhanglong and He Mengxiong’s opposition faction was formed roughly before the Third Conference of the Sixth Congress in September 1930.They were oppressed at this conference.After Pavel Mif and the letter from the Comintern arrived at Shanghai in November,the center of the Chinese Communist Party(CCP)only acknowledged its mistake to the Comintern,but still oppressed this opposition faction.On December 23,the No.96 announcement of the Party Center openly acknowledged its mistake to the opposition faction and opened up the high tide of the intra party democracy.The opposition faction mobilized the National Labor Union,CCP Jiangxi Provincial Committee,and others to hold an emergency conference so as to reform the Party center from bottom up and seize the leading power of the center.However,Moscow finally decided to hold the Fourth Conference and Mif planned to keep the majority of the original central leaders,add a few students studying in the Soviet,and absorb some from the opposition faction to form a new Party center.Furious conflicts took place at the Fourth Conference,so Luo Zhanglong,whose faction was defeated,left with anger.Luo’s faction thus established the'Special Committee'and led to split in many subordinate party organizations,but their activities soon failed.Due to the drastic internal struggles,the CCP lost a large number of experienced cadres,and its influence declined significantly in the Nationalist controlled area.

关 键 词：六届四中全会 罗章龙 何孟雄 米夫 党内民主 非常委员会 

分 类 号：D231[政治法律—政治学]