炸药单耗对台阶抛掷爆破效果的影响研究  

Study on the Bench Cast-Blasting Effects Influenced by Explosive Specific Charge

作　　者：李祥龙[1,2] 张松涛[1] 徐有志[1] 胡涛[1] 胡辉[1] 李克钢[1] 

机构地区：[1]昆明理工大学国土资源工程学院,云南昆明650093 [2]北京理工大学爆炸科学与技术国家重点实验室,北京100081

出　　处：《北京理工大学学报》2016年第12期1233-1236,共4页Transactions of Beijing Institute of Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51304087;51564027;41362013);爆炸科学与技术国家重点实验室(北京理工大学)开放基金资助项目(KFJJ15-14M)

摘　　要：为研究炸药单耗的改变对台阶爆破抛掷效果的影响,以相似理论为基础,利用量纲分析法推导出了台阶模型试验应遵循的相似准则,在试验场采用一定配比的水泥砂浆制作了5个单排孔台阶模型,统计了爆破后的最远抛掷距离和有效抛掷率.模型试验结果表明:爆堆前部碎块主要来源于台阶模型中层,最远抛掷距离和有效抛掷率随炸药单耗的增加而增大,但增大的趋势逐渐变缓;当q>0.51kg/m^3时,有效抛掷率可以达到40%以上;当0.51kg/m^3<q<0.63kg/m^3时,抛掷率随单耗增大而增加,且增加幅度明显;当q>0.63kg/m^3时,抛掷率随单耗增大而增加的速率变小.To research the influence of explosive specific charge change on bench blasting throwing results, a similarity criteria was deduced with dimension analysis method for the bench model test based on similarity theory. Five bench models with single-row hole were prepared in a test field using cement mortar in a certain proportion. Based on these bench models, the longest throwing distance and the effective throwout rate were got from explosion experiment. The results show that, anterior fragments of blast heap are mainly derived from the middle layer of bench model. With the increase of explosive specific charge, both throwing distance and throwout rate increase accordingly and gradually tended to be stable; when q〉0.51 kg/m^3, the cast percentage can reach more than 40%; as 0.51 kg/m^3 〈q〈0.63 kg/m^3, the cast percentage increases with explosive specific charge, and with a significant increasing rate; when q〉0.63 kg/m^3 , the cast percentage increases with explosive specific charge, but with a smaller increasing rate.

关 键 词：炸药单耗 台阶爆破 抛掷率 抛掷距离 

分 类 号：TD235[矿业工程—矿井建设]