涡动相关法在蒸散发实测中的运用  

Application of eddy covariance method in evapotranspiration measurement

作　　者：陈晗[1] 张翔宇[2] CHEN Han ZHANG Xiangyu(Chongqing Jiaotong University Hehai Institute, Chongqing 400074, China North China University of water resources and hydropower, Zhengzhou 450045, China)

机构地区：[1]重庆交通大学河海学院,重庆400074 [2]华北水利水电大学,河南郑州450045

出　　处：《黑龙江水利》2016年第11期18-22,共5页

摘　　要：在区域水循环各个环节中,蒸散发是占比最大最难估算的分量,如何对其进行长时间、高精度、高频率的测定成为难题。近年来随着微气象学理论和量子激光技术的逐渐成熟,利用涡动相关法测定蒸散发成为可能。湖南省作为典型的中国南方地区,农业主要以蔬菜等经济作物以及水稻为主,在总的用水量中,农业用水占到了总用水量的70%,并且在农业总失水量中蒸散发是很大的一部分,所以对蒸散发准确的测定是十分必要的。本文简要介绍了涡动相关法的相关原理,利用EC-QCL分析仪和三维超声风速仪,以及其他一些辅助仪器对岳阳市广兴洲镇的一个大面积包菜地进行了实地蒸散发的测定,并利用EddyPro软件计算了2015年的蒸散量,分析了研究区域蒸散量在不同时间尺度的变化趋势。本文采用的研究方法可为以后蒸散发的实测工作提供参考与借鉴。The evapotranspiration is the most important and the most difficult to estimate the component in the regional water cycle, how to measure and estimate accurately is the focus of research on evapotranspiration. With the micro-meteorological theory and quantum laser technology gradually mature in recent years, the use of eddy covariance method for the determination of evapotranspiration become possible. Hunan Province as a typical southern region of China, agriculture mainly vegetables and other economic crops and rice-based, agricultural water accounted for over 70% of the total water consumption, and evapotranspiration accounts for over half of the total water loss, so it is very necessary to measure and estimate accurately. This paper introduce the relevant theory of eddy covariance method, we use EC-QCL analyzer, three-dimensional ultrasonic anemometer and evapotranspiration in a large vegetable farmland over other auxiliary instruments measure the actual two years observation in the Guangxingzhou, Yueyang. Then we use EddyPro to calculate the actual evapotranspiration, and analysis the change trend of actual evapotranspiration in different time scales. The research method used in this paper can provide reference for the future measurement of evapotranspiration.

关 键 词：蒸散发 涡动相关 实测 Eddypro软件 

分 类 号：P339[天文地球—水文科学] S161.4[水利工程—水文学及水资源]