生物酶稠油解堵剂的室内实验研究  

Experimental Study on Enzyme Plug Removal Agent of Heavy Oil

作　　者：庹维志 任今明[1] 钟婷[1] 兰美丽[1] 王鹏[1] 袁泽波[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国石油塔里木油田分公司油气工程研究院,新疆库尔勒841000

出　　处：《当代化工》2016年第12期2783-2786,共4页Contemporary Chemical Industry

摘　　要：稠油通常具有较高的胶质、沥青质含量,在稠油油田开发过程中,由于温度、压力变化等原因容易导致生产井近井地带发生堵塞,渗流阻力增大,生产周期变短,产能降低。生物酶具有较好的油砂分离功能,且能够降解烃类,逐渐受到人们的青睐和重视。通过生物酶稠油降粘实验,生物酶洗油砂实验以及稠油重质组分堵塞与解堵室内模拟实验对生物酶的解堵效果进行研究。实验结果表明,生物酶具有降低原油粘度、从岩石表面剥离油膜的能力。通过室内实验,发现当生物酶的浓度为2.0%时,生物酶对稠油降粘及洗油砂效果较好且措施成本相对较低。室内堵塞与生物酶解堵模拟实验结果表明,岩心渗透率对生物酶解堵效果存在影响,对于渗透率在5×10^-3～20×10^-3μm^2、稠油重质组分造成的堵塞比较严重的岩心,生物酶的解堵效果较好。同时还发现,对于采出液含水率达到100%的岩心,注入生物酶还可从岩心中驱替出残余油,认为生物酶具有解堵和驱油的双重功效,可以在水驱基础上进一步提高采收率。本研究对生物酶稠油解堵剂的矿场应用具有一定的参考意义。Heavy oil typically has high resin and asphaltene content. During the development of heavy oil, the plug near wellbore caused by the factors such as temperature and pressure change can easily increase the filtrational resistance, and can short production cycle. The enzyme has good oil-sand separation function and can degrade hydrocarbons. Through heavy oil viscosity reduction experiment by enzyme, washing oil sands experiment by enzyme and heavy oil plug and plug removal simulation experiment, the plug removal effect of biological enzymes was studied. Experimental results show that the enzymes can reduce the viscosity of crude oil, and has the ability to peel oil film from the rock surface. The indoor experiments show that, when enzyme concentration is 2%, the enzyme has better effect on heavy oil viscosity reduction and washing oil sand, and the cost is relatively low. Indoor plug and plug removal simulation results show that core permeability has influence on the enzyme plug removal effect, when core permeability is 5×10^3～20×10^3μm^2, formation plug caused by heavy component is more serious, the plugging removal effect of biological enzymes is better. In addition, for the core whose produced liquid water content rate is 100%, injecting enzymes can drive a certain residual oil, so it＇s proved that the enzyme has the double effect of plug removal and flooding.

关 键 词：生物酶 解堵 稠油 室内实验 

分 类 号：TE357[石油与天然气工程—油气田开发工程]