超声波金属快速增材制造成形机理研究进展  

Advanced Research on Metal Consolidation Mechanism in Ultrasonic Additive Manufacturing

作　　者：焦飞飞 杨勇[2] 李鹏[1] 陆子川[1] 果春焕[1] 姜风春[1] 

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨工程大学材料科学与化学工程学院超轻材料与表面技术教育部重点实验室,黑龙江哈尔滨150001 [2]驻江南造船集团有限责任公司军事代表室,上海201913

出　　处：《中国材料进展》2016年第12期950-959,共10页Materials China

基　　金：黑龙江省自然科学基金重点项目(ZD2015012);哈尔滨工程大学中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目(HEUCFD15010);国防基础科研项目(B2420133004)

摘　　要：为了克服现有的高能束金属快速成形与制造工艺的局限性,近年来人们发展了超声波金属叠层结构快速固结成形与制造的技术,该技术采用大功率超声能量,以金属箔材为原材料,利用金属层间振动摩擦产生的热量,促进层间金属原子相互扩散和形成固态物理冶金结合的界面,且具有温度低、变形小、速度快、绿色环保等优点,适合于复杂叠层零部件成形、加工一体化智能制造,是一种新型的增材制造3D打印技术。简要介绍了超声波金属叠层结构快速固结成形与制造这一先进增材制造技术的应用,主要综述了现有的Al/Al、Cu/Cu、Ti/Al等同种和异种金属叠层系统工艺参数优化方面的研究成果,着重分析了超声波固结成形金属物理冶金的微观机理和界面性能的表征技术。在此基础上,针对目前超声波金属固结成形机理研究的现状提出了有待深入研究的内容。In order to overcome the limitations of the high energy beam rapid prototyping and manufacturing processes, high power ultrasonic consolidation and manufacturing technique was developed in recent years. Metal foils were bonded to- gether using very high ultrasonic energy and metal atoms were heated up by very high frequency vibration diffused from one phase surface to another to form a metallurgical solid-state combination. Compared with other rapid prototyping techniques, high power ultrasonic consolidation and manufacturing technique owns many advantages, such as low temperature, less de- formation, high consolidation speed, and environment friendly, which can be used for the intelligent manufacture of integrat- ed consolidation and machining for complex laminated metal parts. As mentioned above, it is a novel additive manufacturing 3D printing technique. This paper briefly introduces the advanced Ultrasonic Additive Manufacturing （UAM） technique and mainly reviews the achievements of the optimal process parameters of similar and dissimilar metal laminate materials（ A1/A1, Cu/Cu, Ti/A1, etc. ）, then focuses on analyzing the microscopic physical metallurgy mechanism of metal ultrasonic consoli- dation and characterization techniques of interfacial properties. Based on the current study status of ultrasonic consolidation mechanism, some research aspects needed to further investigate are also pointed out in this work.

关 键 词：超声波固结 金属叠层复合材料 增材制造 界面性能 成形机理 

分 类 号：TG439.9[金属学及工艺—焊接]