砂培枳、红桔和香橙的根毛形态及根系生长状况分析  

Study on Root Growth and Root Hair Morphology of Three Citrus Rootstock Varieties under Sand Culture

作　　者：曹秀[1] 夏仁学[1] 张德健[1] 赵禹[2] 

机构地区：[1]华中农业大学教育部园艺植物生物学重点实验室,武汉430070 [2]四川省资阳市雁江区农业局,四川资阳641399

出　　处：《中国南方果树》2017年第1期1-4,28,共5页South China Fruits

基　　金：华中农业大学自选项目(52207-05019)资助

摘　　要：以催芽后播种砂培1个月的枳、红桔和香橙实生苗为材料,采用体视显微镜和扫描电镜等方法对根系生长和根毛形态进行观察,探讨根系形态差异与树体不同表现特征间的关系。结果表明,3种柑桔实生苗根系的生长发育差异显著,根系生物量和根冠比均表现为红桔>香橙>枳,苗期以红桔的根系生长速度较快。不同柑桔的根系形态特征差异较大,枳实生苗表现为侧根较发达,红桔和香橙实生苗则是主根生长较好,两者的侧根数量和侧根长度均显著不及枳。3种柑桔的根毛均不分叉,分布不均匀,且侧根根毛密度显著高于主根根毛密度。不同柑桔的根毛形态和主根根毛的分布差异较大:红桔和香橙的主、侧根的根毛密度均大于枳;枳主根的根毛分布表现为上段(根基)、中段和下段(根尖)的根毛密度依次递减,红桔与此相反,香橙则是中段>下段>上段。Differences on root growth and root hair morphology of three citrus rootstock varieties, Poncirus trifoliate Raf. , Citrus tangerina, and C. junos, at seedling stage under sand culture were observed. The correlations between root morphological differences and the characters of plant were investigated. Results showed that the growth and development of the roots of 3 varieties were significantly different. The both fresh weight of root and the ratio of root and shoot at seedling stage was sequenced as follow： C. tangerina ~C. junos~ Poncirus trifoliate Raf.. The growth rate of C. tangerina was higher. Morphological characteristics of the roots of different rootstock were quite different. Lateral root of Poncirus trifoliate Raf. was more developed. Taproot of C. tangerina and C. junos grew better than lateral root. The root hair of all citrus rootstocks were not forked and distributed asymmetrically, and the density of lateral root hair was greater than that of taproot hair. Morphology and distribution of root hair of different citrus rootstocks showed great differences. The root hair densities of taproot and the lateral root of C. tangerina and C. junos were significantly higher than that of Poncirus trifoliate. The root hair density of Poncirus trifoli- ate reduced gradually from top of the root to apical, but the distribution of root hair of C. tangerina was on the contrary, while the root hair density of C. junos was as follow： middle of root ~ root tip ~top of the root.

关 键 词：柑桔 根系 根毛形态 苗期 砂培 

分 类 号：S666[农业科学—果树学]