刻芽及涂抹发枝素对早酥梨芽体内源激素的影响  

Effect of Bud-notching and Branching Element Treatments on Endogenous Hormones in the Buds of Zaosu Pear

作　　者：闫帅[1] 徐锴[1] 袁继存[1] 程存刚[1] 张晨光[1] 张少瑜[1] 侯桂学 赵德英[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院果树研究所,辽宁兴城125199

出　　处：《中国南方果树》2017年第1期20-23,共4页South China Fruits

基　　金：中国农业科学院科技创新工程;辽宁省果树产业技术体系栽培技术研究岗位(LNGSCYTX-15-5)资助

摘　　要：刻芽和发枝素处理是梨树体整形的重要技术手段,为探究在刻芽和外源激素处理过程中侧芽内激素响应调控机理,以两年生早酥梨/杜梨为试材,研究了萌芽前后不同刻芽方式及涂抹发枝素对树体侧芽内源激素含量变化的影响。结果表明,涂抹发枝素可以提高侧芽生长素(IAA)、赤霉素(GA)、玉米素核苷(ZR)激素的含量,抑制脱落酸(ABA)激素的增长;刻芽同时进行涂抹发枝素要比单做刻芽处理侧芽内生长型激素含量高,(IAA+GA+ZR)/ABA的比值也较大;处理前期单芽全刻赤霉素(GA)含量显著高于其他处理,处理后期(IAA+GA+ZR)/ABA的比值最大。刻芽和发枝素处理打破了芽体内源激素的平衡,提高了芽体生长型激素含量,在一定程度上削弱了生长抑制型激素产生的影响。Engraved buds and branching hormone treatments are important technical means in pear tree shaping. To explore the response mechanism of endogenous hormone during engraving bud and exogenous hormones treatment, effects of different bud engraving ways and branching element treatments on the changes of endogenous hormone contents in lateral bud of biennial Zaosu pear were studied. The results showed that branching element treatments can improve the contents of IAA, GA and ZR and inhibit the increase of abscisic acid （ABA）. The contents of growth hormone in lateral buds of bud-notching and branching element treatment were higher than those of bud-notc- hing treatment only, with greater ratio of （IAA＋GA＋ZR）/ABA. The content of GA in single full-notched bud was significantly higher than that of other treatments during early stage and higher （IAA＋GA＋ZR）/ABA ratio in late stage. In summary, engraving buds and branching hormone treatment broke the balance of endogenous hormones, increased the content of growth hormones and reduced the efficiency of growth inhibitory hormone.

关 键 词：梨 刻芽 发枝素 内源激素 

分 类 号：S661.2[农业科学—果树学]