预激活增强效应对优秀女体操运动员跳马体能与心理的影响  

Physical and Psychological Effect of Post Activation Potentiation Exercises on Women Elite Artistic Gymnastic Vaulting Performance

作　　者：张霞[1] 何卫[2] 宋湘勤[3] 汤仁圣 洪平[2] 

机构地区：[1]国家体育总局体操中心,北京100763 [2]国家体育总局体育科学研究所 [3]北京师范大学体育与运动学院 [4]马来西亚体育科学研究所 [5]上海体育学院

出　　处：《湖北体育科技》2016年第12期1088-1092,共5页Hubei Sports Science

摘　　要：目的:研究静态牵拉对优秀女体操运动员跳马运动在不同时段产生的体能和预激活增强效应(PAP)诱导后对完成跳马任务的心理效果。方法:研究对象为6名国家健将级体操女运动员;采用单组多重前后测试研究方法;利用SPSS 16.0统计软件进行数据分析,P<0.05有统计学差异。结果干预后髋关节柔韧度有效提高的同时,屈膝纵跳峰值力具有先衰后增强的轨迹,有效时段为4-16min,8min为最佳PAP时段。结论 :静态牵拉及屈膝纵跳能增加实验对象的柔韧度及下肢力量;预激活增强效应能否有效提高跳马质量尚需要进一步研究。Objective This study focus on the effect of static stretching on elite female gymnasts in different pe-riods of vaulting and the psychological effect of post activation potrntiation（PAP） to complete the task after in-duction. Method Six national female gymnastics athletes selescted as research object. Using a single set of mul-tiple pre and post test methods. Using SPSS 16.0 statistical software for data analysis, P〈0.05 means statistically significant.Results After the intervention, the flexibility of hip joint was improved, meanwhile, the peak force of bend vertical jump showed a decreased first and then increased trajectory, the effective period is 4 to 16 mins, 8min for the best PAP period.Conclusion Static force and bend vertical jump can increase the flexibility and the lower limb strength of subjects;The enhancment effect of post activation can effectively improve the quality of vaulting is still need further research.

关 键 词：预激活增强效应 女运动员 跳马 体能 心理 

分 类 号：G80-05[文化科学—运动人体科学]