小果甜柿和牛眼柿作为完全甜柿砧木的应用潜力研究  

Potential of Xiaoguo Tianshi and Niuyanshi(Diospyros kaki Thunb.) as novel rootstocks for PCNA persimmon

作　　者：胡梦珏[1] 陈莉[1] 刘一凤 张青林[1,2] 罗正荣[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]华中农业大学园艺植物生物学教育部重点实验室,武汉430070 [2]大别山特色资源开发湖北省协同创新中心,湖北黄冈438000

出　　处：《果树学报》2017年第1期50-58,共9页Journal of Fruit Science

基　　金：公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201203047);国家科技基础性工作专项(2012FY110100);甜柿种质资源研究与遗传改良(2015TD01);中央高校基本科研业务费专项(2662015PY022)

摘　　要：【目的】探讨源自湖北省大别山区调查发现的两种新砧木类型小果甜柿和牛眼柿的分类学地位及其作为完全甜柿广亲和砧木的可能性。【方法】在应用SSAP分子标记技术分析小果甜柿和牛眼柿植物分类学地位基础上,进一步建立离体嫁接技术以早期判断砧穗嫁接亲和性,同时对多种砧穗组合的田间性状进行多年观测和比较分析。【结果】(1)SSAP分析证明小果甜柿和牛眼柿与柿(Diospyros kaki Thunb.)为同种;(2)愈伤组织靠接和离体茎段嫁接结果均显示以小果甜柿和牛眼柿为砧木与‘次郎’或‘富有’的嫁接亲和性较君迁子为佳,且小果甜柿较牛眼柿更优;(3)以小果甜柿和牛眼柿为砧木时‘次郎’和‘松本早生’成年树田间生长发育均表现正常,砧木为牛眼柿时‘次郎’和‘松本早生’坐果率和单株产量相对较高,其他果实品质指标在不同年份间有差异,但不同砧穗组合间差异不显著。【结论】小果甜柿和牛眼柿可望作为完全甜柿的广亲和砧木。[Objective] Grafting is an ancient and now well-developed technique for persimmon production. However, some leading Pollination Constant Non-astringent （PCNA） persimmon cuhivars like ＇ Fuyuu＇ or ＇ Taishuu＇ are early or late incompatible with Chinese traditional rootstock Date plum （Diospy- ros lotus L.）. This incompatible phenomena may result in propagation failure in nursery or weak tree vigor in orchard. Therefore, it is important to survey and select widely-compatible rootstock for PCNA persimmon. Recently, two genotypes named Xiaoguo Tianshi and Niuyanshi were collected from the Dabieshan mountain region in central China. The aim of this study was to explore the genetic status and clarify the potential as extensive rootstock of Xiaoguo Tianshi and Niuyanshi before commercial use. [Methods] The SSAP （sequence-specific amplification polymorphism） method based on LTR retrotransposon was utilized to investigate the genetic relationship among Xiaoguo Tianshi, Niuyanshi and some persimmon cuhivars or species. The calculation of DICE similarity coefficient and clustering analysis were carried out by NTSYS-PC version 2.10e software. In vitro culture and ly characteristics of persimmons. During es occurring in graft grafting grafting surface grafting techniques were applied for determining earcompatibility using Xiaoguo Tianshi and Niuyanshi as rootstocks for PCNA union formation, observation of growth and anatomical investigation of changwere made by using Nikon Eclipse E200 microscopy. Meanwhile, the field performance of the 6 years old trees derived from the four grafting combinations including ＇ Matsumoto- wase＇ and ＇Jirou＇ grafted onto Xiaoguo Tianshi and Niuyanshi repectively from 2012 to 2015 were observed to evaluate long-term effects of rootstock on scions in the fruiting season. The scion tree growth was assessed through the measurement of trunk height, scion and rootstock circumference, fruit set percentage, fruit index, yield, fruit weight, seed number and soluble solid content

关 键 词：完全甜柿 砧木 嫁接亲和性 离体嫁接 田间表现 

分 类 号：S665.2[农业科学—果树学]