生活垃圾焚烧飞灰中元素分布与二噁英的关联性分析  

The correlation analysis of PCDD/Fs and major elements distributed in fly ash of municipal solid waste incinerations

作　　者：俞明锋[1] 李晓东[1] 侯霞丽 陈彤[1] 严建华[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江大学能源清洁利用国家重点实验室,浙江杭州310027 [2]江苏江南环保有限公司,江苏宜兴214214

出　　处：《环境污染与防治》2017年第1期28-34,共7页Environmental Pollution & Control

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划("973计划")项目(No.2011CB201503);国家自然科学基金资助项目(No.51476138)

摘　　要：以国内不同地区的14个生活垃圾焚烧炉的布袋除尘器飞灰为研究对象,对飞灰中主要元素的分布和二噁英(PCDD/Fs)含量进行测定,并采用因子分析研究不同炉型飞灰特性及其与PCDD/Fs分布之间的关联性。结果表明:在生活垃圾焚烧飞灰中,Si、Al、Fe、O和Na、K、Cl、S两组元素分布各自呈明显的两两正相关性。流化床炉飞灰中Si、Al、Fe、O的含量明显高于炉排炉飞灰,而Na、K、Cl、S的含量则与之相反。飞灰中PCDD/Fs为0.17~94.49ng/g,毒性当量为0.02~2.53ng I-TEQ/g,不同飞灰差距较大。炉排炉飞灰通常含有高氯代的多氯代二苯并-对-二噁英(PCDDs),PCDDs、多氯代二苯并呋喃(PCDFs)的质量比(PCDDs/PCDFs)均大于1;流化床炉飞灰含有的PCDFs多于炉排炉飞灰,PCDDs/PCDFs均小于1。流化床炉飞灰中Cu、Ca与PCDD/Fs含量有明显的线性关系,相关系数(R)分别为0.86、0.90。The correlation analysis of major elements and PCDD/Fs concentration of fly ash was investigated by factor-analysis method. The fly ash samples came from 14 kinds of municipal solid waste incinerations in China. The results presented a positive correlation between the elements of Si, A1, Fe, O or Na, K, Cl, S, respectively. The contents of Si,Al,Fe,O in fly ash of fluidized bed incinerator （FBI） was higher compared with grate furnace （GF） while the elements of Na,K,Cl and S presented a opposite trend. The concentration and I-TEQ concentration in fly ash were 0.17-94.49 ng/g and 0.02-2.53 ng I-TEQ/g,respectively. The GF fly ash usually contained more high-chlorinated PC- DDs than PCDFs and the mass ratio of PCDDs to PCDFs was larger than 1. The mass ratio of PCDDs to PCDFs was smaller than 1 for FBI fly ash. The elements of Cu,Ca and PCDD/Fs concentration presented a greater linear correlation with R 0.86 and 0.90,respectively,in FBI fly ash.

关 键 词：生活垃圾焚烧飞灰 元素分布 二噁英 因子分析 

分 类 号：X799.3[环境科学与工程—环境工程]