银川平原芦苇湿地土壤含水量及土壤生源要素垂直分布特征  

Characteristics of Vertical Distribution of Soil Moisture and Soil Biogenic Elements of Phragmites australis Wetland in Yinchuan Plain

作　　者：赵永全[1] 何彤慧[2] 夏贵菊 

机构地区：[1]湖北医药学院基础医学院,湖北十堰442000 [2]宁夏大学西北退化生态系统恢复与重建教育部重点实验室,宁夏银川750021

出　　处：《西北林学院学报》2017年第1期37-42,共6页Journal of Northwest Forestry University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41361095)

摘　　要：以银川平原芦苇湿地作为研究对象,对其土壤含水量、pH、全盐含量、有机质含量、全N、有效N、全P、速效P等生源要素的垂直分布进行了初步研究。结果表明,在0~50cm的土层,土壤含水量、土壤全盐、有机质含量、土壤全N及碱解N含量变化规律比较相似,由表层到深层,整体表现为由高变低,在0~40cm表现为急剧下降,在40~50cm又有所升高,0~10cm土层含量高即表现出明显的表聚性;有效P与其他各项要素的相关关系均较差且不显著,有效P具有不同于其他要素的独特垂直分布规律;相关分析表明,不同土层中土壤含水量、有机质、全N与碱解N之间具有良好的正相关性,说明之间具有相似的空间分布规律;pH规律不明显且与其他所有生源要素(有效P除外)均呈极显著的负相关关系,在pH较高的碱性土壤环境会抑制植物其他生源要素利用;有机质与全N、碱解N和全P呈现显著正相关关系,银川平原芦苇湿地土壤中有机质、N素、P素的主要来自于内源沉积物、枯落物及动植物残体降解释放而来,也表明了湿地具有强大的"源"与"汇"的功能。Taking Phragmites australis wetland in Yinchuan plain as the research object,the characteristics of vertical distribution of soil moisture and soil biogenic elements （concluding pH, total salt content, soil organic matter） of the wetland in Yinchuan plain were examined. The results showed that ,in 0--50 cm soil layer,soil moisture, total salt, organic matter, total nitrogen and available nitrogen demonstrated similar variation pattern, they all decreased with the soil depth generally,in 0-40 cm soil layer, the decrease was sharp,a little bit increment in 40-50 cm layer,and in 0-10 soil layer,the indices demonstrated a sacrifice concentration phenomena. Among soil moisture, organic matter, total nitrogen and available nitrogen, significant positive correlations were observed, indicating that they shared similar spatial distribution pattern. The variation of soil pH was not regular, and it was most significantly and negatively correlated with the indices except for available phosphorus, indicating that the alkaline soil environment could reduce the ability of the plant to use other soil biogenic elements. The organic matter content was positively correlated with total nitrogen, available nitrogen and total phosphorus,implying that organic matter , nitrogen and phosphorus were mainly from the decomposing remains of endogenesis sediment,litter, dead plants and animals. Meanwhile,the results also demonstrated the extraordinary function of the wetland both as a source and a sink.

关 键 词：银川平原 湿地 土壤含水量 生源要素 垂直分布 

分 类 号：S152.7[农业科学—土壤学]