大熊猫被毛可培养真菌的分离鉴定与系统发育学分析  

Isolation, identification and phylogenetic analysis of culturable fungi in hair of Ailuropoda melanoleuca

作　　者：马晓平[1] 向奇 李德生 王承东 杨秋霞[1] 叶娇[1] 姜尧章 曹三杰[1] 黄小波[1] 凌珊珊 吴虹林 文心田[1] 左之才[1] 余树民[1] 邓俊良[1] 任志华[1] 沈留红[1] 曹随忠[1] 伍锐[1] 文翼平[1] 古玉[3] 

机构地区：[1]四川农业大学动物医学院,四川成都611130 [2]中国大熊猫保护研究中心,四川雅安6250002 [3]四川农业大学生命科学院,四川雅安625014

出　　处：《中国兽医科学》2017年第1期72-81,共10页Chinese Veterinary Science

基　　金：大熊猫国际资金项目(AD1415);圈养大熊猫管理研究项目(SD1118);四川省科技厅基础研究计划项目(2013JY0175)

摘　　要：为了掌握大熊猫体表被毛可培养真菌的分类情况,采用常规分离培养方法从不同月份(3、6、9、12月份)的大熊猫体表被毛中分离到165株真菌。通过形态学鉴定,用真菌通用引物ITS1和ITS4进行PCR鉴定,并进行系统发育学分析。结果,利用ITS区序列进行的PCR鉴定可将大多数真菌鉴定到种,部分真菌只能被鉴定到属。本次试验共分离鉴定出165株真菌,其中毛孢子菌属(Trichosporon sp.)是本次试验中的优势种群,其菌株数最多,占29%;指间毛癣菌(Trichophyton interdigitale)、蒙氏毛孢子菌(Trichosporon moniliiforme)、杂色曲霉(Aspergillus versicolor)、蜡蚧霉(Lecanicillium lecanii)等是本次试验的优势菌种。9月份样本分离得到的菌株数量最多,为50株,且包含种类最多,具有丰富的微生物多样性。3、6、12月份样本分离得到的菌株数量分别为38、38、39株。本研究结果极大地丰富了对大熊猫被毛可培养真菌种群的认识,将为大熊猫皮肤病的诊治提供参考。In order to study the classification of culturable fungi on hair of Ailuropoda melanole- uca,we collected the hair of giant panda and 165 isolation strains of fungi were isolated from the sam- ples through traditional microbial isolation method. The taxonomy information of these isolated fungi was analyzed by morphologic,molecular biological and phylogenetic system, ln result,using the fungal molecular identification of ITS,the most of fungal were identified at a species-level but some fungi at a genus-level only. This study separated and identified 165 strains of fungi,and Trichosporon sp. was the dominant population in this study, which was the maximum number of isolations strains,accounting for 29%.Trichophyton interdigitale, Trichosporon moniliiforme,Aspergillus versicolor,and Lecani- cillium lecanii were the dominant strains. The number of isolations strains isolated in September was the most,which was 50 strains and includes the most species that have a wealth of microbial diversity. The isolated strains in March,June and September were 38,38 and 39,respectively. The above-mentioned results have greatly enriched the understanding of the culturable fungi population on hair of giant panda,and will provide a reference for the diagnosis and treatment of dermatomycoses.

关 键 词：大熊猫 被毛 真菌 分离鉴定 系统发育分析 

分 类 号：S852.66[农业科学—基础兽医学]