基于多变量内模结构的循环流化床锅炉床温自抗扰控制  

Active Disturbance Rejection Control for Bed Temperature of Circulating Fluidized Bed Boiler Based on Multivariable Internal Model Structure

作　　者：房方[1] 李荣丽[1] 刘吉臻[1] 

机构地区：[1]华北电力大学控制与计算机工程学院,北京市昌平区102206

出　　处：《中国电机工程学报》2017年第1期172-180,共9页Proceedings of the CSEE

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51676068);中央高校基本科研业务费重大项目(2015ZZD15)~~

摘　　要：循环流化床锅炉具有燃烧劣质煤和炉内高效脱硫的优势,已成为我国火力发电装机的重要组成部分。但是,相较于煤粉锅炉,循环流化床锅炉燃烧过程的迟延和惯性更大、被控变量更多且关系更为复杂。床温作为循环流化床锅炉燃烧过程中特有的参数,对锅炉运行的安全性、经济性和环保性均有重要影响,而其所具有的大时滞、强耦合、多干扰等特性又使之成为一大控制难题。为此,提出一种应用改进线性自抗扰原理的床温控制方法,用以提高循环流化床锅炉燃烧控制性能。通过引入多变量内模结构,可有效整定扩张状态观测器和反馈控制器参数,进而实现系统整体控制性能的优化。理论分析与仿真验证表明,该方法便于控制参数整定与动态性能分析,不依赖于精确的对象模型,具有良好的负荷适应性和抗干扰能力。Circulating fluidized bed （CFB） boilers, which have the advantages of burning inferior coal and high desulfurization efficiency, have been the key component of Chinese thermal power installed capacity. However, compared with the pulverized coal-fired boiler, the combustion control of CFB boiler is more complicated because of the larger time delay, long inertia time and more coupled variables. Bed temperature is a peculiar parameter in the combustion process of CFB boiler, which has an important impact on the safety, economy and emission. In this paper, a novel bed temperature control strategy based on active disturbance rejection theory was presented to improve the combustion performance of CFB boiler. By introducing the multi-variable internal model control structure, the parameter of the extended state observer and feedback controller was tuned and designed, and the optimal control performance of the system was achieved. Theoretical analysis and simulation results show that the proposed strategy is handy for parameter tuning and dynamic characteristic analysis. It does not rely on accurate combustion process models, and has satisfactory load adaptability and anti-disturbance ability.

关 键 词：循环流化床(CFB) 床温 内模结构 自抗扰控制 参数整定 

分 类 号：TK32[动力工程及工程热物理—热能工程]