北半球湖泊营养状态的地理格局及其社会经济制约因素  

Geographical Pattern of Lake Trophic Status in Northern Hemisphere and Its Social-Economic Constrained Factors

作　　者：黄春玲[1] 乔强龙 曹艳敏[2] 陈旭[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国地质大学(武汉)地球科学学院地理系,湖北武汉430074 [2]中南民族大学资源与环境学院,湖北武汉430074

出　　处：《地理与地理信息科学》2017年第1期82-88,共7页Geography and Geo-Information Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41402307;41202248)

摘　　要：该文收集了1990-2014年已公开发表的学术论文或数据库中的北半球1 054个湖泊水体总磷、总氮和叶绿素a浓度数据,同时结合湖泊地理坐标、区域人均国内生产总值和人口密度资料,探讨了北半球湖泊营养状态的地理格局及其社会经济制约因素。结果表明:1)湖泊的营养状态指数(Trophic State Index,TSI)与湖泊纬度和海拔均呈显著负相关,反映了在自然状态下,不同气候带营养物质侵蚀输入量的变化。2)20个国家或地区的湖泊TSI均值与人口密度呈显著正相关,表明人口密度高的国家或地区湖泊营养水平相对较高。3)TSI均值随人均GDP增长呈倒U形,符合环境库兹涅茨曲线特征,区域人均GDP 5 000~10 000美元是富营养化减缓的可能阈值范围,超过该阈值后区域湖泊营养水平随经济增长而降低。In this study,the datasets of total phosphorus, total nitrogen and chlorophyll-a of 1 054 lakes in the northern hemisphere were collected from related papers and database that published between 1990 and 2014, in order to calculate Trophic State Index （TSI） of each lake. In addition, this paper analyzed the geographic pattern of lake trophic status and its constrained socio-economic factors,combined with the datasets of geographic coordinates of all lakes, Gross Domestic Product per capita （PGDP） and population density of 20 countries or regions. Significant negative correlations between TSI and elevation and latitude were observed, the geographical pattern of lake trophic status along altitude and latitude indicated that the influxes of nutrient material varied with different climatic zones under natural conditions. Significant positive correlations were observed between average TSI and population density in 20 countries or regions, indicating that lakes in the countries or regions with a high population density had higher nutrient levels. The correlation between average TSI and GDP per capita showed an inverted U shape curve, in accord with the characteristics of the Environmental Kuznets Curve. Regional GDP per capita of 5 000-10 000 dollars is potential threshold value of eutrophication mitigation, average TSI of certain region or country would decline when GDP per capita exceeding the threshold value.

关 键 词：湖泊 营养状态指数 地理格局 人均国内生产总值 人口密度 

分 类 号：X524[环境科学与工程—环境工程]