河谷型城市生态系统服务价值效应——以兰州为例  

Effect of Ecosystem Service Values of River Valley City:A Case Study of Lanzhou

作　　者：周文霞[1] 石培基[1] 王永男[1] 梁变变 唐笑[1] 

机构地区：[1]西北师范大学地理与环境科学学院,甘肃兰州730070

出　　处：《干旱区研究》2017年第1期232-241,共10页Arid Zone Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41271133)资助

摘　　要：以河谷型城市兰州为例,基于1995、2005、2015年Landsat遥感影像数据,借助GIS及ENVI手段,定量分析研究区3个时段的土地利用时空格局,并采用修正的生态系统服务价值系数,测算基于土地利用变化的生态系统服务价值,探讨其时空演变特征。结果表明:1 1995—2015年,林地、草地、建设用地年均增长率分别为0.03%、0.03%、4.73%,耕地、水域、湿地及未利用地减少;不同土地利用类型转换剧烈,同种土地利用类型在不同时期转移方向大体一致。2 20 a间,受城市生态系统侵占农田生态系统的影响,研究区生态系统服务总价值从84.37×10~8元下降到80.60×10~8元,变化最剧烈的区域集中于市域主城区的黄河河谷盆地及外围的秦王川盆地。各县(区)地均生态系统服务价值受植被指数与国民生产总值的影响,呈东南高、西北低的趋势,并与生态系统服务价值相对变化率呈负相关,空间差异明显。为提高区域生态系统服务功能,基于景观生态学原理,提出构建"点、线、面"相结合的生态廊道网络体系。In this study,the spatiotemporal variation patterns of land use in Lanzhou,a valley city,in three periods were analyze based on the Landsat TM data in 1995,2005 and 2015 using the ENVI and GIS means. The ecosystem service values were measured by the modified coefficients based on the land use change,and the spatiotemporal characteristics of the ecosystem services were discussed. The results are as follows： 1 The annual growth rates of forestland,grassland and constructive land in Lanzhou were 0. 03%,0. 03% and 4. 73% respectively,and the areas of cultivated land,waters and unused land were reduced. The conversion of different land use types was frequent,and the conversion directions of identical land use types were generally consistent in different periods; 2 Under the influence of urban ecosystems to occupy the farmland ecosystems,the total ecosystem service value in the study area was decreased from 84. 37 ×10^8 yuan to 80. 60 ×10^8 yuan. The most intense changed areas were mainly in the Lanzhou downtown area along the Yellow River Valley Basin and the peripheral Qinwangchuan Basin. The ecosystem service value per unit area in each county（ district） was affected by the vegetation index and the gross national product（ GNP）,it was high in the southeast but low in the northwest,it negatively correlated with the relative change rate of ecosystem service value,and the spatial difference was obvious. In order to improve the ecosystem service functions,the network systems of ecological corridors were put forward based on the principle of landscape ecology.

关 键 词：生态系统服务功能 土地利用 时空演变 兰州 

分 类 号：X826[环境科学与工程—环境工程]