中国北方紫花苜蓿土壤速效钾丰缺指标与适宜施钾量初步研究  

Preliminary study on the abundance and deficiency index of soil-available potassium and appropriate amount of potassium application for alfalfa in the north of China

作　　者：孙洪仁[1] 曹影[1] 刘琳[1] 吴雅娜[1] 杨晓洁[1] 赵雅晴 

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学草地研究所,北京100193

出　　处：《黑龙江畜牧兽医》2017年第1期1-4,共4页Heilongjiang Animal Science And veterinary Medicine

基　　金：农业部公益性行业项目"苜蓿高效种植技术研究与示范"(201403048);国家现代农业产业技术体系建设项目"现代牧草产业技术体系建设"(CARS-35)

摘　　要：为了初步建立我国北方紫花苜蓿土壤速效钾(NH_4OAc-K)丰缺指标,并确定不同丰缺级别土壤的适宜施钾量,采用土壤有效养分含量与缺素处理相对产量回归方程法、土壤有效养分丰缺分级改良方案和"养分平衡-地力差减法"确定适宜施肥量新应用公式,开展了本研究。结果表明:东北平原-内蒙古高原-黄土高原区第1,2,3级和4~11级土壤速效钾丰缺指标依次为≥262,≥88~<262,≥30~<88,<30 mg/kg;西北荒漠绿洲区第1,2,3级和4~11级土壤速效钾丰缺指标依次为≥480,≥148~<480,≥46~<148,<46 mg/kg。当紫花苜蓿干草目标产量为15 t/hm2时,第1,2,3级和4~11级土壤的适宜施钾量(K_2O)依次为0,90,180,≥270 kg/hm^2。To preliminary establish the abundance and deficiency index （ADI） of soil available potassium （NH4OAc - K） and determine the appropriate amount of potassium application of soils with different levels of abundance and deficiency for alfalfa in the North of China, the meth- od of regression equation between soil available nutrient content and relative yield in the nutrient deficiency treatment, the improved scheme for the grading of abundance and deficiency of soil available nutrients, and the new applied formula based on ＂nutrient balance and projected yield minus soil fertility yield＂ were studied for determining new applied formula for the appropriate amount of fertilizer application. The results showed that the ADIs of SAK at the first, second, third and the 4th to 11 th levels of soils in the Northeast Plain, the Inner Mongolia Plateau and the Loess Plateau of China were greater than or equal to 262, between greater than or equal to 88 and less than 262, between greater than or e- qual to 30 and less than 88, and between greater than or equal to 0 and less than 30 mg/kg, respectively. The ADIs of SAK at the first, second third and the 4th to 11 th levels of soils in the Northwest Oasis of China were greater than or equal to 480, between greater than or equal to 148 and less than 480, between greater than or equal to 46 and less than 148, and between greater than or equal to 0 and less than 46 mg/kg, re- spectively. When the target yield of alfalfa hay was 15 t/hm2 ,the appropriate amount of potassium application （K2O） at the first, second, third and the 4th to 11 th levels of soil were O, 90,180 and greater than or equal to 270 kg/hm2 , respectively.

关 键 词：测土施肥 紫花苜蓿 土壤速效钾 养分丰缺指标 施肥量 

分 类 号：S541.1[农业科学—作物学]