吉林省不同年代大豆育成品种产量与品质性状变化趋势  

Changes of Yield and Quality Traits of Soybean Cultivars Released during Different Stages in Jilin Province

作　　者：郑宇宏[1] 陈亮[1] 孟凡凡[1] 范旭红[1] 张云峰[1] 孙星邈[1] 王明亮[1] 王曙明[1] 

机构地区：[1]吉林省农业科学院大豆研究所/大豆国家工程研究中心,长春130033

出　　处：《东北农业科学》2016年第6期45-49,共5页Journal of Northeast Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金资助(CARS-04-PS11);吉林省农业科技创新工程(C62150403)

摘　　要：为明确吉林省不同年代育成大豆品种产量及品质性状的变化趋势,对吉林省1923~2015年育成的368个大豆品种进行农艺性状和品质性状的演变分析。结果表明：吉林省75年来育成的大豆品种随着年代推移育成数量逐渐增加,2000年以后育成品种达238个。在品种改良过程中,产量、百粒重、脂肪含量呈增加趋势,增幅分别为每年0.92%、0.07%和0.03%;蛋白质含量、蛋脂总量及生育期呈下降趋势,降幅分别为每年0.04%、0.05%和0.02%。品种区域试验的平均产量由1923年的1 743.1 kg/hm^2增至2015年的2 951.7 kg/hm^2,其中脂肪含量≥22%的有69个,蛋白质含量≥44%的有23个,特用型品种37个。通过对这些品种的主要农艺性状和品质性状进行比较,分析其演变趋势,解析品种更替的原因,为今后新品种选育提供参考和指导。In order to clarify the change trend of yield and quality of soybean varieties released during different stages, the evolution of agronomic and quality traits of 368 soybean cultivars released during 1923-2015 in Jilin Province were analyzed. The results showed that the number of soybean cultivars released during 92 years gradually increased as time went on, the number of soybean cuhivars released since 2000 has been up to 238. In the process of breeding improvement, yield, 100-seed weight and oil content showed an increasing trend by 0.92%, 0.07% and 0.03% per year,respectively. Protein content, total content of protein and oil, and growth period are on the decline by 0.04%, 0.05% and 0.02% per year, respectively. The average yield of variety regional test increased from 1 743.1 kg/ha in the early 1923 to 2 951.7 kg/ha in 2015. Among the varieties, oil content of 69 cuhivars ≥22%, protein content of 23 cuhivars ≥44%, and 37 were special type cultivars. Learning the breeding experiences of these cuhivars, analyzing their agronomic traits would provide us good references and guidelines.

关 键 词：大豆 产量 品质 演变 

分 类 号：S565.1[农业科学—作物学]