论容忍义务在我国民法典中的体系位置  

The Position of Tolerance Obligation in the Civil Code of our Country

作　　者：王雷[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国青年政治学院法学院,北京100089

出　　处：《河南财经政法大学学报》2017年第1期108-115,共8页Journal of Henan University of Economics and Law

基　　金：2014年国家社科基金重大项目"民法典编纂重大疑难问题研究"(项目编号:14ZDC017);司法部2015年度国家法治与法学理论研究项目"我国民法典中团体类型及团体治理的实现"(项目编号:15SFB3027)的阶段性研究成果

摘　　要：容忍义务作为对民事权利的特别限制,属于"民事基本制度"这一立法保留的范畴,是对权利人权利保护和他人行为自由权衡过程中的重要立法价值判断问题,是友善价值观在民法具体规则上的重要体现,也体现了宽容价值和调整方法对民事关系的介入,应该在民法典中加以规定。民法典对容忍义务应该在总则中做一般性规定、在分则中做具体展开,即采取总分结合的立法技术,这属于民法问题中的立法技术问题。作为容忍义务核心的忍受限度之判断标准,是司法中的价值判断问题,应结合指导性案例总结揭示权利保护和行为自由平衡过程中反映出的不同类型利益动态衡量因素,作为裁判者处理其他同类案件时的参考。As special restriction on civil rights,tolerance obligation belongs to civil basic system,which is retained by the legislation.Tolerance obligation is value judgment legislative problem in the process of balancing of protecting right and others＇ freedom,which should be regulated in the civil code.Tolerance obligation is the important embodiment of friendly value in specific rules of the civil law,which also reflects the value of tolerance and its adjustment of the involvement of civil relationship.Civil code should make tolerance obligation as general provision in general principals and concrete stipulations in specific provisions,namely we should adopt the combination of general and specific provisions,which belongs to the technical problems in the legislation of civil law.The core criterion of tolerance obligation is the problem of judicial value judgment. We should combine the guiding case to summarize dynamic weighting factors during the balancing of right protection and behavior freedom.The conclusions of dynamic weighting factors can be provided as reference for other similar cases.

关 键 词：容忍义务 友善和睦 民法典 利益动态衡量 

分 类 号：D923.1[政治法律—民商法学]