2009-2015年广东省云浮市手足口病流行病学特征和重症病例的病原学分析  

Epidemiological characteristics of Hand-foot-mouth Disease and etiological analysis of severe Hand-foot-mouth disease case in Yunfu,Guangding,2009-2015

作　　者：赖辉兵[1] 喻黎明[1] 冯梓来 黄海锋[1] 

机构地区：[1]云浮市疾病预防控制中心,广东云浮527300

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2017年第3期401-405,共5页Modern Preventive Medicine

摘　　要：目的探讨云浮市手足口病的流行病学及病原学特征,为防控手足口病提供科学依据。方法对2009-2015年云浮市报告的手足口病流行病学特征进行分析,结合重症病例个案流行病学调查,采用RT-PCR-荧光探针法检测患者粪便或肛拭子标本的肠道病毒类型(EV71、CA16和其他肠道病毒)。结果 2009-2015年云浮市共报告手足口病59 945例,年均发病率356.54/10万,居法定传染病首位,其中重症66例,死亡8例,发病呈夏季高峰和秋季次高峰的双峰分布,5岁以下儿童占87.82%(52 644/59 945),男女性别比1.69∶1,散居儿童占90.64%(54 335/59 945)。重症发生率110.10/10万,发生在5-7月的夏季高峰的占69.70%(46/66),0~2岁组占84.85%(56/66),重症病例中散居儿童占88.88%(58/66),但幼托儿童发生率(288.08/10万)大于散居儿童(106.75/10万)。重症病例中EV71病毒占80.00%(32/40)。8例死亡病例有6例为EV71病毒感染。结论云浮市手足口病在全市广泛流行,是一种危害儿童健康的高发常见病。当前应建立手足口病病原学的哨点监测系统,重点在5-7月的重症高发季节关注2岁以下儿童,加强EV71病原学监测。Objective To investigate the epidemiological characteristics of hand -foot- mouth disease（HFMD） in Yunfu, and to provide scientific basis for the prevention and control of HFMD. Methods Epidemiologieal investigation and sample collection were conducted,and enterovirus type （EV71, CA16 and other enterovirus）were detected by RT - PCR. The basic information of cases, characteristics and laboratory test results were analyzed. Results A total of 59945 HFMD cases were reported in Yunfu from 2009 to 2015. The total incidence rate was 356.54 per 100,000,ranking first in the statutory infectious diseases. There were 66 severe cases and 8 of them dead. The incidence peak of HFMD appeared in summer and autumn. 87. 82% of the patients were children less than 5 years old every year. The rate of diasporic children was 90.64% （54335/59945）. The sex ratio in children was 1.69：1. The incidence rates of severe HFMD were 110.10 per 100,000, For the severe eases ,69. 70% （46/66） of them occurred in summer, 84.85 % （56/66） of them were under two years old, and diasporic children accounted for 88.88% （58/66）. The incidence of HFMD in preschool children was higher than in diasporic children. 80.00% of the severe cases and 6 of the death case were caused by EV71. Conclusion HFMD occurred widely in Yunfu city,it was still the main and common infection for children. It is supposed to establish sentinel surveillance system of HFMD and to strengthen the EV71 pathogen monitoring during incidence peak period. And more attention should be paid to children under two years old.

关 键 词：手足口病 流行特征 分析 

分 类 号：R181.23[医药卫生—流行病学]