不同BMI和心肺耐力水平的中年男性心血管疾病风险因素的特征研究  

Analysis on Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors in Middle-aged Men with Different BMI and Cardiorespiratory Fitness

作　　者：周誉[1,2] 王正珍[2] 黄守清[3] 赵俊彤 

机构地区：[1]中国教育科学研究院,北京100088 [2]北京体育大学,北京100084 [3]福建中医药大学附属第二人民医院,福建福州350003 [4]Muscle manna健身工作室,北京100081

出　　处：《中国体育科技》2017年第1期56-62,共7页China Sport Science and Technology

基　　金：国家十二五科技支撑计划课题(2012BAK21B02);中国教育科学研究院2015年度基本科研业务费专项基金课题(GY2015XDY12)

摘　　要：目的:对于我国中年人群而言,心肺耐力和超重/肥胖作为心血管疾病的保护因素和危险因素,但两者对心血管疾病风险因素的相互作用却鲜有研究。因此,探讨不同BMI和心肺耐力水平的中年男性的心血管疾病风险因素特征十分必要。方法:招募2014年6~12月期间在福建省第二人民医院健康管理中心进行体检的中年男性进行测试。使用改良Bruce平板试验测试心肺耐力,共测得319名男性的有效最大摄氧量数据。将45~49岁、50~54岁和55~59岁3个年龄段男性的最大摄氧量从低到高分为Q1~Q4 4个等级;根据中国BMI分级标准,将受试者分为正常、超重和肥胖3组。使用单因素方差分析和事后检验,探讨不同BMI和心肺耐力的中年男性中心血管疾病风险因素的差异。结果:1)在正常和超重男性中,Q3和Q4组的腰围、腰臀比和体脂百分比均显著低于Q1和Q2组(P<0.05)。2)在超重男性中,Q3和Q4组受试者的收缩压低于Q1组(P<0.05)。3)不同BMI级别的受试者中,Q4组男性的空腹血糖均最低且均在正常范围之内。4)在正常男性中,Q4组的总胆固醇和甘油三酯显著低于Q1和Q2组(P<0.05),HDL-C显著高于Q1组(P<0.05);在超重男性中,Q4组的HDL-C显著高于Q1组(P<0.05)。5)在正常男性中,Q4组的心血管疾病风险因素个数显著少于Q1~Q3组(P<0.05);在超重男性中,Q3和Q4组的心血管疾病风险因素个数均显著少于Q1组(P<0.05)。结论:在不同BMI分级的中年男性中,心肺耐力较好的男性心血管疾病风险状况及各危险因素均好于心肺耐力较差的男性。提示,不论中年男性的肥胖状况如何,提高心肺耐力均有助于改善心血管疾病风险状况。Objective： This paper investigated the differences in cardiovascular disease （CVD） risk factors in Chinese middle-aged men with different cardiorespiratory fitness （CRF） levels and BMI. Methods： 319 male aged 45-59,50-54 and 55-59 years were screened in this study. Subjects visited the health center affiliated to Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Fuzhou and fin- ished medical and fitness test during June to December in 2014. CRF was measured using modified Bruce treadmill test, evaluated by VO2max （mL/kg/min） and divided into four levels according to age groups. The BMI was classified according to data in the WHO＇s Asia-Pacific standard report, and participants were divided into normal, overweight and obese. The study used ANOVA and Post-Hoc test for statistics. Results： 1） In normal men, Q3 and Q4 groups had lower waist circumference, waist-to-hip ratio and body fat percentage than Q1 and Q2 groups. Overweight men showed the same situation. 2） The overweight men in Q3 and Q4 groups had lower SBP than other overweight men in Q1 group. 3） All the men with highest VO2peak had lowest fasting blood glucose. 4） The normalmen in Q4 group had lower total cholesterol and triglyceride than other normal men in Q1 and Q2 groups, and had higher HDL-C than others in Q 1 group. In overweight group, HDL-C of Q4 group was higher than that of Q1 group. 5） In normal group, Q4 group had fewer CVD risk factors than Q1- Q3 groups. In overweight group, Q3 and Q4 groups had fewer CVD risk factors than Q1 group. Con- clusion： We concluded that in the all three BMI levels, middle-aged men with higher CRF have better CVD risk profile than those with lower CRF. It suggests that increasing CRF though exercise and physical activity can be helpful in improving CVD risk profile independent of obesity.

关 键 词：心肺耐力 BMI 中年男性 

分 类 号：G804.2[文化科学—运动人体科学]