关于西北太平洋季风槽年际和年代际变异及其对热带气旋生成影响和机理的研究  

RESEARCH ON THE INTERANNUAL AND INTERDECADAL VARIABILITIES OF THE MONSOON TROUGH AND THEIR IMPACTS ON TROPICAL CYCLONE GENESIS OVER THE WESTERN NORTH PACIFIC

作　　者：黄荣辉[1,2] 皇甫静亮 武亮[1] 冯涛[3] 陈光华[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院大气物理研究所季风系统研究中心,北京100190 [2]中国科学院大气物理研究所大气科学和地球流体力学国家重点实验室,北京100029 [3]南京大学大气科学学院,江苏南京210023

出　　处：《热带气象学报》2016年第6期767-785,共19页Journal of Tropical Meteorology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41375065);国家自然科学基金项目(41461164005;41230527)共同资助;国家重大研发计划项目(2016YFA0600603)

摘　　要：总结和综述近年来中国科学院大气物理研究所季风系统研究中心,关于西北太平洋季风槽的年际和年代际变异及其对热带气旋和台风(TCs)生成的影响和机理的气候学研究进展,并综述一些有关的国内外研究。给出了夏、秋季西北太平洋季风槽的气候特征以及利于TCs生成的四类季风槽环流型,表明了西北太平洋季风槽强度和位置有明显的年际和年代际变异。特别是揭示了西北太平洋季风槽的年际和年代际变异不仅通过影响西北太平洋上空对流层低层气流的涡度和对流层高层的散度、对流层中、下层的水汽以及对流层上下层风场的垂直切变等利于TCs生成的大尺度环境因子的分布而影响TCs的生成,而且通过对热带对流耦合波动的转化和提供扰动能量而对TCs生成起着重要的动力作用。还指出今后有关西北太平洋季风槽和TCs活动一些亟需进一步研究的气候学问题。In this paper, we mainly summarize and review the progresses in recent climatological studies （by CMSR, IAP/CAS and some associated domestic and international institutions） on the interannual and interdecadal variabilities of monsoon troughs and their impacts on tropical cyclones and typhoons （TCs） geneses over the western North Pacific. The climaological characteristics of monsoon troughs and four types of circulation patterns favorable to TCs genesis over the western North Pacific in summer and autumn are given in this paper. It is also shown in this paper that the monsoon trough over the western North Pacific has obvious interannual and interdecadal variabilities. Especially, it is revealed in this paper that the interannual and interdecadal variabilities of the monsoon trough over the western North Pacific influence the TCs genesis not only through the impact on distribu- tions of the vorticity in the lower troposphere and the divergence in the upper troposphere, the water vapor in the mid-and lower troposphere and the vertical shear of wind fields between the upper and lower troposphere over the western North Pacific, but also through the dynamical effects of the transition between convectively coupled tropical waves and providing disturbance energy. Besides, some climatological problems associated with TCs activity over the western North Pacific that need to be studied further are also pointed out in this paper.

关 键 词：季风槽 年际变异 年代际变异 热带气旋 台风 

分 类 号：P425.42[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]