771例婴幼儿腹泻病原微生物监测分析  

Monitoring and analysis of pathogens in 771 infants and young children with diarrhea in Inner Mongolia

作　　者：毕小朵[1] 郭妍妍[1] 

机构地区：[1]内蒙古医科大学附属医院儿科,内蒙古呼和浩特010050

出　　处：《中国病原生物学杂志》2016年第12期1118-1121,共4页Journal of Pathogen Biology

摘　　要：目的 了解导致婴幼儿腹泻病原微生物类型,获得婴幼儿腹泻病原谱,为婴幼儿腹泻的预防控提供参考依据。方法 采集2014年7-12月内蒙古医科大学附属医院儿科771份腹泻患者粪便标本,分离病原微生物,选取可疑菌落进行生化鉴定和血清学分型,行8种细菌检测;用ELSA和PCR等方法检测7种常见腹泻病毒,用显微镜检测2种寄生虫。结果 在771份粪便标本中,各类腹泻病原微生物阳性598份,检出率77.56%,其中52份检出肠道致病菌,检出率6.74%,以沙门菌最多（43份,7.20%）,沙门菌中以鼠伤寒沙门菌为主（26份）;542份检出腹泻病毒,检出率70.30%,其中A型轮状病毒230份（占38.46%）,杯状病毒192份（占32.10%）;4份检出寄生虫,检出率0.52%。在各年龄组中,0-1岁患儿最多,共431例（占55.90%）;8月和11月腹泻患儿最多,均为213例,但8月肠道致病细菌检出率（11.74%）高于11月（1.88%）。7-9月肠道致病细菌检出率明显高于10-12月。7-12月腹泻病毒的检出率逐月增高,10-12月A型轮状病毒检出最多。结论 婴幼儿感染性腹泻病例主要集中在0-1岁年龄组,其中沙门氏菌、杯状病毒和A型轮状病毒为婴幼儿腹泻的主要致病微生物。Objectives To determine the major pathogens that cause diarrhea in infants and young children in Inner Mongolia and to provide scientific evidence for the prevention and control of diarrhea. Methods Stool samples were col- lected from children with diarrhea seen by Pediatrics at Inner Mongolia Medical University Hospital. Pathogens were iso- lated, and suspected colonies were biochemically identified and serotyped. Eight strains of bacteria were tested. Samples were tested for 7 common viruses using ELSA and PCR. Two types of parasites were examined microscopically. Results In total, 771 stool samples were collected from infants and young children with diarrhea, and 598 of those （77.56%） tested positive for pathogens causing diarrhea. Isolated pathogens included 52 strains of intestinal bacteria （6.74%）, of which 43 strains were Salmonella strains （7.20%）. The most prevalent Salmonella strain was Salmonella typhimurium （26 strains）. Five hundred and forty-two samples （70.30%） tested positive for a virus causing diarrhea. Of those, 230 were strains of rotavirus group A （38.46%） and 192 were calicivirus strains （32. 10%）. A parasite was detected in 4 samples （0. 52%）. Patients ages 0 - 1 year accounted for the largest number of individuals affected （431 patients, 55.90% ）. The number of patients peaked in August and November. In addition, the rate of detection of intestinal pathogenic bacteria was significantly higher from July to September than from October to December. Rotavirus group A was most often detected from October to December. Conclusion Infectious diarrhea mainly occurred in patients ages 0-1 year. The pathogens primarily responsible for diarrhea were rotavirus group A, calicivirus, and Salmonella.

关 键 词：婴幼儿腹泻 病原微生物 监测 

分 类 号：R37[医药卫生—病原生物学]