酸性染料染色锦纶织物合成单宁固色机制的探讨  

Discusstion of fixing mechanism of syntans for acid dyes dyeing nylon fabric

作　　者：郭宝夫 李超[1] 郑庆康[1,2] 熊建波 

机构地区：[1]四川大学轻纺与食品学院,四川成都610065 [2]汕头市创新化工有限公司,广东汕头515141

出　　处：《毛纺科技》2017年第1期41-46,共6页Wool Textile Journal

摘　　要：通过考察不同结构合成单宁在锦纶织物上的吸附等温线、解析速率曲线,以及合成单宁对锦纶织物接触角和对染料吸光度的影响,探讨固色机制。实验结果表明,合成单宁对纤维有良好的亲和力,能在较短时间吸附到纤维表面,在纤维表面成膜。同时吸附在锦纶纤维表面上的合成单宁可以降低水与锦纶纤维的接触角,增加锦纶织物的拒水性。合成单宁与染料分子具有静电排斥力,吸附在锦纶纤维表面上的合成单宁,通过氢键、范德华力和静电排斥力减缓了锦纶织物上酸性染料向水中的扩散速度,降低染料分子溶出的机率。合成单宁通过上述作用起到了对锦纶酸性染料染色织物固色的作用。溶液的p H值对合成单宁锦纶酸性染料染色织物的固色效果影响较大,与其他各项染色牢度相比,合成单宁锦纶酸性染料染色织物固色后的耐汗碱牢度最低。Through the investigations of affinities between syntans and nylon,the influences of the contact angles from syntans to nylon,and the influence to dye absorbance,fixing mechanism were preliminarily discussed. The results indicated that the syntans had promising affinity to nylon fibers. The syntans can also be adsorbed onto fibers in a short time to form membranes which had electrostatic repulsive-forces with dye molecules. Besides,the adsorbing of syntans on nylon fibers can lower the contact angle between water and nylon and improve water repellency of nylon textile. Relying on hydrogen bond,van der waals＇ force and electrostatic repulsive-force,diffusion rate of acid dyes in water was retarded by syntans which can reduce the probability of dye molecules dissolving out. The influence on fixing effect of syntans from pH vlaue was significant. With the high pH vlaue when under wetprocessing,the desorption rate was lower than that with low pH vlaue. Compared with other dyeing fastness,syntans nylon acid dyes dyeing fabric had fixinged that sweat stain fastness to minimum.

关 键 词：合成单宁 锦纶 固色机制 吸附 

分 类 号：TS193.636[轻工技术与工程—纺织化学与染整工程]