2015年成都市流感样病例监测情况分析及监测评价  

Surveillance of influenza-like illness in Chengdu City in 2015 and its evaluation

作　　者：张晓春[1] 陈振华[1] 黄韦唯[1] 白艳[1] 陈恒[1] 

机构地区：[1]成都市疾病预防控制中心,四川成都610041

出　　处：《实用预防医学》2017年第2期156-159,共4页Practical Preventive Medicine

基　　金：四川省卫生厅科研项目(100055)

摘　　要：目的研究2015年成都市流感流行情况,并分析监测影响因素。方法收集哨点医院监测的ILI咽拭子,进行流感病毒的病毒培养分离和病毒核酸检测。结果流感病毒的阳性率为16.57%,其中甲型H1N1、H3N2、B-Vic、BYam,阳性率分别为0.065%、11.45%、0.13%、4.74%;还有0.19%的混合感染,H1+H3、H3+BY和BV+BY分别为0.032%、0.13%、0.032%。核酸检测法的灵敏度和特异性均高于病毒分离法。标本的合格率影响病毒分离的结果。讨论 2015年以H3N2和B-Yam交替为流感优势毒株,并有混合感染的存在,为流感的重组变异提供了条件。采用两种方法检测流感病毒,并提高标本质量,获取准确的监测资料,以指导流感的防控。Objective To study the prevalence of influenza in Chengdu City in 2015, and to analyze the factors influencing in- fluenza surveillance. Methods We collected throat swabs from influenza-like illness （ILI） cases in the sentinel hospitals in Chegndu City in 2015. Influenza viruses were isolated by Madin-Darby eannie kidney （MDCK） cells, and the nucleic acid detec- ted by real-time RT-PCR method. Results The positive rate of influenza viruses was 16.57%, of which the positive rates of influenza A （H1N1）, influenza A （H3N2） , influenza Victoria-like B virus and influenza Yamagata-like B virus were 0.065%, 11.45%, 0.13% and 4.74% respectively. The coinfection rate of influenza viruses was 0.19%. The coinfection rates of H1 ＋H3, H3 ＋BY and BV＋BY were 0.032%, 0.13% and 0.032% respectively. The sensitivity and specificity of real-time RT-PCR method were significantly higher than those of MDCK cell isolation method. The qualified rate of the samples had an impact on the results of virus isolation. Conclutions Influenza A （ H3N2 ） and influenza Yamagata-like B viruses as the superiority strains emerge alternately in Chengdu City in 2015 ; moreover, co-infection provides the possibility of influenza virus shift. Applying the above- mentioned two methods to detection of influenza viruses, improving the qualities of samples and acquiring the accurate surveillance data are conducive to guiding influenza prevention and control.

关 键 词：流感病毒 监测 流感样病例 咽拭子 病毒分离 核酸检测 

分 类 号：R511.7[医药卫生—内科学]