植物养分重吸收及其影响研究进展  

Review of nutrient resorption and its regulating in plants

作　　者：江大龙 徐侠[1] 阮宏华[1] 

机构地区：[1]南方现代林业协同创新中心,南京林业大学生物与环境学院,江苏南京210037

出　　处：《南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）》2017年第1期183-188,共6页Journal of Nanjing Forestry University：Natural Sciences Edition

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划(2012CB416904);江苏高校优势学科建设工程资助项目(PAPD);江苏省特聘教授项目;南京林业大学优秀博士学位论文创新基金项目;南京林业大学大学生科技创新项目(DXSKC-201617)

摘　　要：【目的】植物养分重吸收是指植物落叶前将养分转移到其他活组织中保存或直接利用的一种现象。对养分重吸收控制机制进行的系统了解,可为完善植物养分循环模型提供一定的理论依据。【方法】通过对国内外已有研究进行分析,全面比较不同生活型、林龄以及外界的环境(气候和土壤肥力)对植物的养分重吸收的影响。【结果】1木本植物茎、根的养分重吸收要小于非木本植物,非木本植物养分重吸收对不同的土壤肥力表现出更强的可塑性;落叶植物比常绿植物重吸收更多的养分;2幼龄林有更高的氮元素重吸收率;老龄林能重吸收更多的磷元素;3随着年均温和年均降水量的升高,磷元素重吸收率增加,氮元素重吸收率下降;4干旱、洪水、飓风等极端天气都会显著影响养分重吸收;5土壤肥力与养分重吸收呈负相关。相对于叶片,木本植物根、茎养分以及微量元素重吸收的研究还比较缺乏,对于养分吸收和重吸收对能量的消耗也缺乏了解。此外,长期气候变化对养分重吸收的影响也有待研究。【结论】养分重吸收是植物养分循环的一个重要部分,对它的精确估计将有利于完善全球气候变化模型,对进一步准确预测未来全球变化的趋势具有重要意义。[ Objective ] Nutrient Resorption（NR） is an important essential processes of plant nutrient cycling. It means that the nutrients are resorbed during plant senescence and then conserved or reused for future plant growth. The overall understanding of the patterns and controlling factors of NR is important for improving the modeling of plant nutrient cyc- ling. [ Method ] By collecting published literatures, we explored how different that life forms, stand ages, and abiotic fac- tors（including climate and soil fertility） affect plant＇ s NR. [ Result ]①While non-woody plants exhibited enhancing plasticity in their expression of nutrient resorption along soil fertility gradients, and NR in woody plants was typically lower than in non-woody plants in senescing stems and roots. Evergreen species had lower NR than that in deciduous plants. ② Young stands had relatively higher nitrogen resorption efficiency （NRE（N） ）, while old stands resorbed more phosphorus （P）. ③ In general, phosphorus resorption efficiency （NRE （P）） increased and nitrogen resorption efficiency （ NRE （ N ） ） decreased with increasing temperature and precipitation. ④ Extreme climate events such as droughts, floods, and hurricanes significantly influenced NR. ⑤ Increasing soil fertility tended to lower NR. In compari- son to foliage, NR in stems and roots of woody plants was less studied. Additionally, we have limited knowledge on plants＇ resorption of minor elements compared with nitrogen （N） and phosphorus （P）. Moreover, the number of studies on energy consumption during NR and the impacts of long-term climate change on NR is lack of study. [ Conclusion] NR is one of the essential processes of plant nutrient cycling. A better understanding of NR could contribute to the develop- ment of the global climate change models and accurate projection of future climate.

关 键 词：养分重吸收 保护策略 生活型 林龄 气候因子 土壤肥力 

分 类 号：S718[农业科学—林学] Q89[生物学]