3种(品种)地被竹花器官形态特征及学名订正  

The revision of scientific names for three dwarf bamboo species(cultivar)based on the floral morphology

作　　者：林树燕[1,2] 范婷婷[2,3] 姜明云 张莉[2,3] 郑笑[2,3] 丁雨龙[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]南方现代林业协同创新中心,江苏南京210037 [2]南京林业大学竹类研究所,江苏南京210037 [3]南京林业大学生物与环境学院,江苏南京210037

出　　处：《南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）》2017年第1期189-193,共5页Journal of Nanjing Forestry University：Natural Sciences Edition

基　　金："十三五"重点研发计划(2016YFD0600901);国家林业局推广项目([2014]41号);江苏省科技支撑计划(农业)重点项目(BE2016304);国家自然科学基金项目(31000294);江苏高校优势学科建设工程资助项目(PAPD)

摘　　要：【目的】针对《中国观赏竹》、《The Bamboos of the World》等重要专著中广泛使用的翠竹、铺地竹以及黄条金刚竹拉丁学名存在有误问题,校正翠竹、铺地竹和黄条金刚竹这3种地被竹的拉丁学名,并补充描述此3种地被竹的花部特征。【方法】对南京林业大学竹园中翠竹、铺地竹和黄条金刚竹的开花样地进行调查,分别测量这3种地被竹盛花期小穗的长度、小花数、小穗轴长度,并在体视显微镜下拍照记录各竹种花器官的形态。【结果】根据3个竹种花器官的形态特征,认为翠竹、铺地竹的花器官形态特征符合苦竹属(Pleioblastus)花特征描述,如花序的类型、小穗的形态、雄蕊的数量等;而与赤竹属(Sasa)有较大差异,如花序着生位置、小花外稃形态、雄蕊数量等;黄条金刚竹的花器官形态与东芭竹属(Sasaella)(也称支笹属)花形态描述一致,表现在花序顶生、小穗具柄、小穗轴节间密被毛、雄蕊6、花柱1、柱头3、羽毛状,颖果。而与苦竹属(Pleioblastus)许多特征差异较大,如花序着生位置;雄蕊的数目等。【结论】翠竹、铺地竹的花器官形态特征不符合Sasa花特征,而符合苦竹属花特征描述。因此,宜将翠竹和铺地竹的拉丁学名订正为Pleioblastus pygmaea和Pleioblastus argenteastriatus。黄条金刚竹的花器官形态与Pleioblastus不符,而与东芭竹属(Sasaella)花形态描述一致。因此,将黄条金刚竹的学名订正为Sasaella kongosanensis‘Aureostriatus’。[ Objective ] The scientific names for Sasa pygmaea, Sasa argenteastriatus, Pleioblastus kongosanensis ＇ Au- reostriatus＇ are widely used in the monographs like Chinese Ornamental Bamboos, The Bamboos of the World. However, the classifications of the genus are wrong. In this paper the scientific names for the three dwarf bamboo species were re- vised and their floral traits were described. [ Method ] The sample plots of flowering Pleioblastus pygmaea （former S. pygmaea） , Pleioblastus argenteastriatus （ former S. argenteastriatus ） and SasaeUa kongosanensis ＇ Aureostriatus ＇ （former Pleioblastus kongosanensis ＇ Aureostriatus＇ ） were surveyed in bamboo garden of Nanjing Forestry University, Counting and recording the length of spikelet and rachilla, the number of florets of the three dwarf bamboos were meas- ured and the characteristics of their floral organs were observed in detail under Stereomicroscope. [ Result] According to the morphological characteristics, both Pleioblastus pygmaea and Pleioblastus argenteastriatus are similar with Pleioblas- tus, such as the type of infloreseences, the morphology of spikelets, the number of stamens and so on. While Pleioblastus pygmaea and Pleioblastus argenteastriatus differ a lot from the Sasa in the floral morphological characteristics like the po- sition of infloreseenees, the lemma, the number of stamens. The flower organs of Sasaella kongosanensis ‘ Aureostriatus＇ include terminal i^fflorescence, spikelets with pedicel, rachi[la internodes covered with hair, stamens 6, style l, plumose stigmas 3, caryopsis. These flower morphology descriptions are greatly different from the ones of Pleioblastus. [ Conclusion] Flower morphology for Pleioblastus pygmaea and Pleioblastus argenteastriatus are corresponding to the Pleioblastus instead of Sasa, so the correct scientific names for them are Pleioblastus pygmaea and Pleioblastus argenteas- triatus. And the flower morphology for Sasaella kongosanensis ＇ Aureostriatus＇ are corresponding to SasaeU

关 键 词：地被竹 生殖器官 苦竹属 东笆竹属 

分 类 号：S718[农业科学—林学]