荫蔽胁迫对不同绿豆品种生物学性状及产量的影响  

Effects of Shading Stress on the Biological Traits and Yield of Different Mung Bean Varieties

作　　者：胡卫丽 朱旭 杨厚勇 许阳 杨鹏程 Hid Wei-li ZHU Xu YANG Hou.yong et al(Nanyang Academy of Agricultural Sciences ,Nanyang,Henan 47300)

机构地区：[1]南阳市农业科学院,河南南阳473000

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2017年第1期60-63,75,共5页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-09-Z14)

摘　　要：[目的]研究荫蔽胁迫对不同绿豆品种生物学性状及产量的影响。[方法]以冀绿7号、冀绿10号、中绿5号、中绿11号、保绿942为供试材料,以绿豆常规种植为对照,通过玉米/绿豆间作创造荫蔽环境,研究荫蔽胁迫对5个绿豆品种物候期、农艺性状、荚部性状、产量的影响。[结果]荫蔽胁迫对绿豆的生育进程有一定的影响,出苗到开花期呈提前的趋势,而开花到成熟出现延后的现象;荫蔽胁迫使绿豆株高降低,主茎节数和分枝数减少,茎粗变细,底荚高度上升,单株荚数、荚长、单荚粒数出现较大幅度下降,但对荚宽和百粒重影响不显著;通过对高产品种生物性状变化的共性分析发现,主茎分枝数变动幅度与绿豆产量存在一定相关性,主茎分枝数反应敏感的品种,自我调节能力较强,比较耐荫蔽,适合间作。[结论]主茎分枝数的变动可作为判定绿豆对荫蔽胁迫适应能力的一个重要指标。[Objective ] To research the effects of shading stress on the biological traits and yield of different mung bean varieties. [ Method ] Ta- king mung bean varieties Jilu 7, Jilu10,Zhonglu 5,Zhonglu 11 and Baolu 942 as the tested materials, and mung bean in conventional cultivation as the control, we researched the effects of corn/mung bean intercropping shading stress on the phenological periods, agronomic traits, pod characters and yields of five mung bean varieties. [ Result] Shading stress had certain impacts on the growth process of mung beans. It appeared a tendency that the days from emergence to flowering period was brought forward in five mung bean varieties. On the contrary ,the days from flowering to mature period prolonged. Shading stress reduced plant height, decreased node number and branch number, made stem diameter thinner than before, and enhanced the height of the bottom pod number. But the pod number, pod length, and grain number per pod declined. Effects on pod width and 100-grain weight were not significant. Commonality analysis of the biological traits changes of high-yield varieties showed that there was a certain correlation between the changes of main stem branching number and mung bean yield. Varieties which had sensitively reaction in main stem branching number were stronger in self-adjustment ability, and more resistant to shading, so they were suitable to be planted for intercropping. [ Conclusion] The changes of main stem branching number can be used as an important indicator to determine whether the variety had the ability to adapt to shading stress.

关 键 词：荫蔽胁迫 绿豆 生物性状 产量 

分 类 号：S522[农业科学—作物学]