地理国情普查数据支持下的人口空间化方法  

Method of population spatialization under the support of geographic national conditions data

作　　者：杨瑞红 董春[2] 张玉[2] 

机构地区：[1]河南工业和信息化职业学院,河南焦作454000 [2]中国测绘科学研究院,北京100039

出　　处：《测绘科学》2017年第1期76-81,共6页Science of Surveying and Mapping

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目(2012BAH28B03)

摘　　要：针对传统的人口空间化方法存在数据源多、模型复杂、忽视居住建筑类型的影响等问题,提出了一种以居住建筑作为人口分布参考的人口空间化方法。在地理国情普查数据的支持下,文章选取株洲市境内的18个乡镇为研究区。首先,将研究区内的居住建筑重分类为多层房屋、低矮房屋和废弃房屋,采用最小二乘法求算各类居住建筑的居住密度。然后,根据各乡镇人口估计值的相对误差对各乡镇各类居住建筑的居住密度进行修正。最后,运用GIS的叠加分析技术得到250m格网人口密度图。检验结果表明,人口估计值与人口统计值的线性拟合斜率为0.965,另外基于居住建筑重分类的人口空间化方法使得人口估计精度较未重分类时有了明显提高。As to the issues related with the traditional population spatialization method such as multiple data sources,complex model,ignorance of the impact of residential building type and so on,this paper proposes a population spatialization method based on residential architectures as the reference of population distribution.Under the support of Geographic national conditions data.Eighteen townships in Zhuzhou are selected in this paper.First,Residential buildings are reclassified as high-rise houses,lowrise houses and abandoned houses and the residential densities of all kinds of residential buildings are calculated using the least square method.Then,the residential densities of all kinds of residential buildings in each town are adjusted according to the relative error of population estimate.Finally,population density map in 250 mgrid scale is achieved using overlay analysis of GIS.Text results show that,the linear fitting slope is 0.965 between the population estimate and the population census.In addition,the precision of the population estimate is improved significantly by using the spatialization method based on residential buildings reclassification.

关 键 词：地理国情 人口空间化 居住建筑重分类 株洲 

分 类 号：P208[天文地球—地图制图学与地理信息工程]