匙吻鲟稚鱼摄食节律与饥饿对其体脂肪酸组成的影响  

Daily Feeding Rhythm and Effects of Starvation on Fatty Acid Composition in Juvenile Paddlefish(Polyodon spathula)

作　　者：聂文强[1] 李婧 吉红[1,3] 田晶晶[1] 周继术[1] 王涛[1] NIE Wenqiang LI Jing JI Hong TIAN Jingjing ZHOU Jishu WANG Tao(College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest Agricultural ＆ Forestry University,Yangling 712100, China Fisheries Bureau of Yinghu Lake Ecological Tourist Area in Ankang, Ankang 725000, China Ankang Fisheries Research Station of Northwest Agricultural ＆ Forestry University, Ankang 725021, China)

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学动物科技学院,陕西杨凌712100 [2]安康市瀛湖生态旅游区渔业局,陕西安康725000 [3]西北农林科技大学安康水产试验示范站,陕西安康725000

出　　处：《水产科学》2017年第1期36-41,共6页Fisheries Science

基　　金：陕西省科技统筹创新工程计划项目(2015KTTSNY01-05);安康市科技计划项目(2013AK02-11)

摘　　要：在水温20~27℃下,将体质量2~3g的匙吻鲟稚鱼饲养在55cm×45cm×35cm的塑料箱(约86L)内,投喂天然浮游动物,采用肠充塞度和饱满指数法,研究其摄食节律和饥饿72h后全鱼脂肪酸组成的变化。结果显示,匙吻鲟稚鱼摄食的最高峰在17:00,次高峰在5:00,摄食低谷在23:00,胃内食物6h排空,而肠在36h仍未排空;经过0~72h饥饿后,匙吻鲟全鱼饱和脂肪酸和单不饱和脂肪酸含量随饥饿时间的延长而显著下降(P<0.05),而多不饱和脂肪酸水平和二十碳五烯酸比例显著上升(P<0.05),二十二碳六烯酸比例升高,但差异不显著(P>0.05)。结果表明,匙吻鲟稚鱼为晨昏摄食型;饥饿期间主要消耗饱和脂肪酸和单不饱和脂肪酸供能,而多保留多不饱和脂肪酸,尤其是选择性保留二十碳五烯酸和二十二碳六烯酸。The feeding rhythm and gastrointestinal evacuation were studied in juvenile paddlefish （Poly- odon spathula） with body weight of 2-3 g which was reared in 55 cruX45 crux 35cm tanks and fed wild zooplankton at water temperature of 20-27 ℃ by fullness degree and intestine fullness methods. The re- sults showed that the feeding peak was observed at 17：00, followed by at 5：00, and the minimal feeding at 23：00, and stomach evacuation was found in 6 hours, without intestinal evacuation in thirty-six hours star- vation. There were significant decrease in contents of saturated fatty acids（SFA） and monounsaturated fat- ty acids（MUFA）in juvenile paddlefish fasted for 0-72 hours（P〈0. 05）with the elapse of starvation. However, there were significant increase in the content of polyunsaturated fatty acids（PUFA）（P〈0.05） with the elapse of starvation, especially eicosapentaenoic acid（EPA） ratio（P〈0.05）, without significant difference in docosahexaenoic acid（DHA） ratio （P〈0.05）. The findings indicated that paddlefish juveniles had twilight feeding rhythm, and mainly consumed SFA and MUFA to supply energy during starving peri- od, while PUFA including EPA and DHA was retention rather than utilization for energy supply during starving period.

关 键 词：匙吻鲟 摄食节律 排空时间 饥饿 

分 类 号：S965.199[农业科学—水产养殖]