不同来源三疣梭子蟹池塘养殖的生长比较  

Growth Comparison in Different Populations of Swimming Crab(Portunus trituberculatus)in a Same Culture Pond

作　　者：黄经献[1] 赵炳然[1] 孙祥山[1] 张传涛[1] 隽云昌[2] 张彬[3] HUANG Jingxian ZHAO Bingran SUN Xiangshan ZHANG Chuantao JUAN Yunchang ZHANG Bin(Xiaying Enhancement and Experiment Station, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences,Weifang 261312,China Weifang Fisheries Research Institute, Weifang 261401, China Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Beijing 100141, China)

机构地区：[1]中国水产科学研究院下营增殖实验站,山东昌邑261312 [2]潍坊市水产研究所,山东潍坊261041 [3]中国水产科学研究院,北京100141

出　　处：《水产科学》2017年第1期66-71,共6页Fisheries Science

基　　金：中国水产科学研究院院级基本科研业务费项目(2014A07XK09)

摘　　要：2014和2015年,将试验池塘分隔成2000m2的单个池塘,分别养殖3种来源的三疣梭子蟹:自然海域捕获的越冬蟹经室内暂养(称越冬种群)、首次放流的Ⅱ期幼蟹(增殖种群)和自然海区第一批抱卵蟹繁殖的Ⅱ期幼蟹(自繁种群),研究了同生态条件下池塘养殖梭子蟹的存活和生长,为评估莱州湾海域三疣梭子蟹放流效果提供参考。2014年越冬、增殖和自繁3个种群幼蟹的放养时间依次间隔20d,以3个种群梭子蟹作为类轴,分别以全甲宽及体质量为x、y轴进行二维图相关分析。结果表明,在同步养殖10d、20d时,可以直观区分出3个种群梭子蟹;同步养殖30d,参照全甲宽和体质量指标,只能区分自繁种群与越冬种群;同步养殖40d,自繁和增殖种群全甲宽和体质量指标逐步接近越冬种群,无法对3个种群进行有效区分。自繁种群的成活率极显著高于增殖种群(P<0.01)。2015年,增殖和自繁两个种群同规格同步养殖15、30、45d和60d时,自繁种群平均全甲宽和平均体质量高于增殖种群,但差异不显著(P>0.05),不能以全甲宽和体质量指标鉴别种群,自繁种群的成活率亦极显著高于增殖种群(P<0.01)。本研究结果为梭子蟹增殖放流效果评价提供了参考。The growth of different populations of swimming crab Portunus trituberculatus collected from stocking-enhancement, self reproduction and overwintering populations was studied in a same culture pond in 2014 and 2015 by two-dimensional graph. The 2014 result showed that the different populations of the crab were distinguished obviously by total carapace width and body weight after 10 d and 20 d in the same culture pond. The self reproduction and overwintering populations were only distinguished by total cara- pace width and body weight after 30 d culture. The three populations were not distinguished by total cara- pace width and body weight in 40 d. The self reproduction population had very significantly higher survival rate than the stocking-enhancement did（P〈0. 01）. There was higher total carapace width and body weight in the self reproduction population than that in the stocking-enhancement after 15 d, 30 d, 45 d, and 60 d in the same culture pond in 2015, without significant difference（P〈0.05）, showing no differentiation of the populations by total carapace width and body weight. However, there was very significantly higher survival rate in the self reproduction population than that in the stocking-enhancement population （P〈0.01）. The findings will be benefit to evaluation of swimming crab.

关 键 词：三疣梭子蟹 不同种群 同生态 养殖对比 效果评估 

分 类 号：S968.25[农业科学—水产养殖]