极地水域航行规制的国际法问题  

A Study of International Law on Regulation of Navigation in Polar Waters

作　　者：李伟芳[1] 黄炎[1] 

机构地区：[1]华东政法大学,上海200042

出　　处：《太平洋学报》2017年第1期75-84,共10页Pacific Journal

基　　金：国家社科基金项目"国家在跨界水资源开发与利用中的环境风险预防义务研究"(15BFX205);上海市哲学社会科学规划一般课题"北极航道通行权问题研究"(2013BFX002)的阶段性研究成果

摘　　要：为保障极地航行安全、保护极地脆弱的生态环境,国际海事组织自本世纪初开始启动专门适用于极地水域的航行立法进程。2017年1月1日生效的《极地水域营运船舶国际规则》作为第一个适用于南北两极水域并具有强制性质的国际规则,在极地水域航行治理中具有里程碑的价值。该规则强化了船旗国的履约义务,包括极地船舶认证、船舶建造标准及环境保护责任等方面,将对全球航运业和北极航道海事管理产生深远影响。我国作为国际海事组织A类理事国,不仅需要主动参与国际海事组织对极地水域航运的治理进程,更应重点关注相关国际规则在国内的履约问题。In order to guarantee safety of polar navigation and protect fragile ecological environment in polar areas, the International Maritime Organization （IMO） has initiated legislation applicable to navigation in polar waters since the beginning of this century. The ＇ International Code for Ships Operating in Polar Waters＇ taken effect on January 1, 2017, the first ever international mandatory code with application scope in both the Arctic and the Antarctic waters, is regarded as a milestone in polar waters shipping governance. The code strengthens the compliance obligations of flag states with regard to polar ship certification, ship- building standards and environmental protection responsibilities, which will have a profound impact on the global shipping business and the governance mechanism of Arctic marine area. As a category A member of IMO council, China shall participate in governance over polar shipping actively, as well as focus on domes- tic implementation of international regulations.

关 键 词：国际海事组织 极地规则 航行安全 环境保护 

分 类 号：D996.19[政治法律—经济法学]