相对湿度对递增性偏热环境下肉鸡体热调节及下丘脑热休克蛋白70含量的影响  

Effects of Relative Humidity at Gradually Increasing Temperatures on Body Thermoregulation and Content of Heat Shock Protein 70 in Hypothalamus of Broiler Chickens

作　　者：周莹[1] 张敏红[1] 冯京海[1] 张少帅[1] 彭骞骞 李萌[1,3] 李香[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院北京畜牧兽医研究所动物营养学国家重点实验室,北京100193 [2]河北工程大学农学院,邯郸056021 [3]东北农业大学动物科技学院,哈尔滨150030

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2017年第1期60-68,共9页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：国家"十二五"科技支撑课题(2012BAD39B02);国家重点研发计划课题"肉禽舒适环境的适宜参数及限值研究"(2016YFD0500509);中国农业科学院科技创新工程(ASTIP-IAS07)

摘　　要：本试验旨在研究相对湿度(RH)对递增性偏热环境下肉鸡体热调节及下丘脑热休克蛋白70(HSP70)含量的影响。选取21日龄爱拔益加(AA)肉鸡180只转入环境控制舱,随机分成3组,每组6个重复,每个重复10只鸡(公母各占1/2)。预试期7 d,温度20℃,RH 60%。正试期15 d,28日龄开始试验,将3组的RH分别调整到35%、60%和85%,温度仍为20℃;3 d为1周期,共分5个周期,从第2周期开始每周期的第1天将3组的温度均在10:00开始升高3℃并在0.5 h内达到稳定;5个周期的温度分别为20、23、26、29和32℃。结果表明:1)85%RH组肉鸡的呼吸频率极显著高于60%RH和35%RH组(P<0.01),60%RH组的呼吸频率极显著高于35%RH组(P<0.01);85%RH组肉鸡的体核温度显著高于60%RH组(P<0.05);35%RH组肉鸡小腿和脚蹼的皮肤温度极显著高于60%RH和85%RH组(P<0.01),35%RH和60%RH组肉鸡鸡冠、耳垂和眼睑的皮肤温度极显著高于85%RH组(P<0.01)。2)85%RH组肉鸡的血清碱性磷酸酶(AKP)活性显著高于35%RH和60%RH组(P<0.05);35%RH和85%RH组肉鸡的血清肌酸激酶(CK)活性显著高于60%RH组(P<0.05)。RH对递增性偏热环境下肉鸡的血清谷草转氨酶(AST)和乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)活性无显著影响(P>0.05)。3)85%RH组肉鸡的血清三碘甲腺原氨酸(T3)含量显著高于35%RH组(P<0.05);35%RH和85%RH组肉鸡的血清甲状腺素(T4)含量显著高于60%RH组(P<0.05);60%RH和85%RH组肉鸡的血清皮质酮(CORT)含量极显著高于35%RH组(P<0.01)。4)35%RH组肉鸡下丘脑HSP70含量显著低于60%RH和85%RH组(P<0.05)。综上所述,在为期15 d的20~32℃递增性偏热环境下,高湿(85%)和低湿(35%)调节28~42日龄肉鸡体热平衡的途径和程度不同。The present study aimed to investigate the effects of relative humidity（ RH） at gradually increasing temperatures on body thermoregulation and the content of heat shock protein 70（ HSP70） in hypothalamus of broiler chickens. One hundred and eighty 21-day-old Arbor Acres（ AA） broiler chickens were allotted into environment controlled chambers and randomly assigned to three groups with six replicates per group and ten broilers per replicate（ males and females in half）. The pre-test period lasted for 7 days and birds were kept at20 ℃ and 60% RH. The test period lasted for 15 days,when broiler chickens were 28 days of age,RH of three groups was regulated to 35%,60% and 85%,respectively,and the temperature was 20 ℃ yet. The experiment consisted of 5 consecutive trials with 3 days per consecutive trial,the temperature of three groups was gradually increased by 3 ℃ finishing within half an hour at 10： 00 of the first day every consecutive trial and started from the second consecutive trial,and the temperatures of the 5 consecutive trials were 20,23,26,29 and 32 ℃,respectively. The results showed as follows： 1） the respiratory frequency of broiler chickens in the85% RH group was significantly higher than that in the 60% RH and 35% RH groups（ P〈 0.01）,and the respiratory frequency in the 60% RH group was significantly higher than that in the 35% RH group（ P 〈 0.01）.The core body temperature of broiler chickens in the 85% RH group was significantly higher than that in the60% RH group（ P〈 0.05）. The skin temperatures of leg and flipper of broiler chickens in the 35% RH group were significantly higher than those in the 60% RH and 85% RH groups（ P〈 0.01）,and the skin temperatures of comb,earlobe and eyelid in the 35% RH and 60% RH groups were significantly higher than those in the85% RH group（ P〈 0.01）. 2） The activity of alkaline phosphatase（ AKP） in serum of broiler chickens in the85% RH group was significantly higher than that in the 60% RH and 35% RH groups

关 键 词：递增性偏热环境 肉仔鸡 相对湿度 体热调节 热休克蛋白70 

分 类 号：S831[农业科学—畜牧学]