山西省野生黄芩种质资源及植物学性状研究  

Study on Germplasm Resources of Wild Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi from Shanxi

作　　者：王秋宝[1] 郝建平[1] 史淑红[1] 潘春莉[1] WANG Qiu-bao HAO Jian-ping SHI Shu-hong PAN Chun-li(College of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 03000)

机构地区：[1]山西大学生命科学学院,太原030006

出　　处：《植物遗传资源学报》2017年第1期32-39,45,共9页Journal of Plant Genetic Resources

基　　金：山西省科技攻关计划(振东专项)(2014ZD0503)

摘　　要：通过对山西省9个市27个县(区)野生黄芩种质资源的调查,发现其在山西省内分布广泛但很不均衡。山西野生黄芩主要分布于34°46'19.78″N^40°24'17.71″N、110°30'17.80″E^114°13'13.41″E;海拔介于705~1675 m之间,其中以1000~1500 m最为常见;生长区域年均降水量介于400~800 mm之间,年均温度为6.8~14℃。群落组成较为单一,其周围主要分布有杂草、灰菜、蒲公英、黄刺玫以及豆科类植物等;少部分伴随有当地优势种植物,其中大同市主要为狼毒、岩青兰,长治市平顺县主要为柴胡、蒲公英等。山西野生黄芩主要生长于半山腰,山顶生长较少,山谷底一般极少生长;山西野生黄芩多生长于半阳坡,少数生长于阳坡,阴坡一般极少生长。气候、海拔、降水量、日照等生态环境的不同以及人为因素是导致山西黄芩分布不均的主要因素。研究结果为山西野生黄芩资源的保护、开发、利用以及优良黄芩种质的选育提供了依据。In this study, through the investigation of germplasm resources of wild Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi in 9 cities and 27 counties of Shanxi Province, found a wide and an uneven distribution of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi in Shanxi Province. Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi from Shanxi mainly distributed in 34°46＇19.78″N～40°24＇17.71″N、110°30＇17.80″E～114°13＇13.41″E ; the altitude between 705-1675 m, the most common mainly in 1000-1500 m. The annual rainfall of the growth area was between 400-800 mm, average annual temperature 6.8- 14 ℃. The community composition was relatively single, most of the growth area with bushes and weeds, Chenopodiurn album L. ,Rosa xanthina Lindl. ,Herba Taraxaci and some wild pea beans plant;small part with the advantage of the local plants. Among them, Datong mainly distributed Stellera chamaejasme L. , Dracocephalum rupestre Hance; Changzhi was Bupleurum chinese, Herba Taraxaci. Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi from Shanxi mainly grow in the mountainside, some located in the top of the hill, bottom position had little growth. Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi from Shanxi grow in semi sunny slope, a small part grow in sunny slope, shady slope like a little growth. The ecological environment just like the climate, elevation, rainfall and sunlight and human factors is the main factors which cause the uneven distribution of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi in Shanxi. The results of this study provide the basis for cultivate good character, protect the resource of the wild Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi from Shanxi.

关 键 词：黄芩 野生药用植物 种质资源 植物学性状 

分 类 号：S567.239[农业科学—中草药栽培]