玉米耐深播优异种质的表型与生理特征分析  

Study on the Phenotypic and Physiological Characteristics of Maize Deep-seeding Tolerance

作　　者：尚佳薇 王创云 王楠[2] 李国君[2] 段运平 郝转芳[2] 王振华[1] SHANG Jia-wei WANG Chuang-yun WANG Nan LI Guo-jun DUAN Yun-ping HAO Zhuan-fang WANG Zhen-hua(College of Agronomy, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030 Institute of Crop Sciences, Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Taiyuan 030031 Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural sciences/National Engineering Laboratory for Crop Molecular Breeding, Beijing 100081)

机构地区：[1]东北农业大学农学系,哈尔滨150030 [2]中国农业科学院作物科学研究所,北京100081 [3]山西农业科学院作物所,太原030031

出　　处：《植物遗传资源学报》2017年第1期80-87,共8页Journal of Plant Genetic Resources

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31271735;31661143010)

摘　　要：深播是我国干旱半干旱地区玉米抗旱保苗的一个重要栽培措施,因此,玉米耐深播优异种质资源具有重要应用育种与生产价值。本研究对玉米耐深播种质资源CGJ和普通材料郑58,分别进行2 cm正常播深和20 cm深播处理,于2叶1心期进行了表型和生理特征分析鉴定。结果表明,深播处理下,CGJ的主要特性是中胚轴显著伸长,CGJ中胚轴为10.68 cm,为郑58的2.5倍;电镜观察结果表明CGJ中胚轴细胞纵向延伸能力显著增强,比郑58长14μm。与常规材料相比,深播条件下的CGJ萌发期要更早;CGJ叶片和胚芽鞘中生长素变化不明显,而中胚轴中的生长素含量提高了47.72 ng/m L,并且CGJ各部位的赤霉素含量都大于郑58,其中,中胚轴内植物生长素和叶中的赤霉素增长极显著。该结果暗示中胚轴生长素激素水平升高可能是其耐深播的生理基础。本研究为玉米耐深播优异种质资源CGJ的基础研究与育种和生产应用奠定了表型与生理分析基础。Deep-seeding is an important cultivation way to absorb soil water in arid and semi-arid areas of our country. In this study,we analyzed the physiological and morphological phenotypic characteristics with a deep-seeding tolerant maize germplasm CGJ and a commonly used control Zheng58 as materials under treatments of normal 2 cm-sowing and 20 cm-sowing depth, respectively. The results showed that the main phenotypic characteristic of CGJ was the elongation of sprout mesocotyl under deep-seeding treatment, with the length of 10. 68 cm, which was 2. 5 times longer than Zheng58. The results of electron microscopy showed that the cells in CGJ mesocotyl were significantly stretched ,that was 14 μm longer than Zheng58. CGJ had an earlier germination stage compared with Zheng58. The auxin content in CGJ mesocotyl was increased by 47. 72 ng/mL. These results provided phenotypic and physiological information for breeding of deep-seeding tolerant maize.

关 键 词：玉米 中胚轴 耐深播 

分 类 号：S513[农业科学—作物学]