玉米淀粉废水强化混凝与反硝化脱氮除磷技术研究  

Enhanced coagulation and nitrification for nitrogen and phosphorus removal from corn starch wastewater

作　　者：郭晓娅[1,2] 年跃刚[1,2] 闫海红[1,2,3] 殷勤[1,2,3] 高鹏 陈光伟 GUO Xiaoya NIAN Yuegang YAN Haihong YIN Qin GAO Peng CHEN Guangwei(State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China Research Center of Water Pollution Control Technology, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China College of Water Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China China Bluestar Lehigh Engineering Corporation, Shanghai 201204, China COFCO Bio-chemical Energy（Gongzhuling） Company Limited, Siping 136100, China)

机构地区：[1]环境基准与风险评估国家重点实验室中国环境科学研究院,北京100012 [2]中国环境科学研究院水污染控制技术研究中心,北京100012 [3]北京师范大学水科学研究院,北京100875 [4]中蓝连海设计研究院,上海201204 [5]中粮生化能源(公主岭)有限公司,吉林四平136100

出　　处：《环境工程技术学报》2017年第1期7-14,共8页Journal of Environmental Engineering Technology

基　　金：国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项(2012ZX07202-009-01)

摘　　要：针对现行玉米淀粉废水处理工艺出水氮、磷易超标的问题,提出2种提高脱氮除磷潜能的解决方案:在预处理阶段设置混凝工艺强化去除部分污染物;在反硝化阶段引入部分竖流沉淀池(初沉池)出水作为补充碳源。通过设计单因素混凝试验,对比氯化铁、硫酸铝、壳聚糖、海藻酸钠4种絮凝剂对污染物的去除效果。结果表明:氯化铁较适合作玉米淀粉废水处理絮凝剂,当氯化铁投加量为0.40 g/L,pH为4,温度为35℃时,TP、SS、TN和CODCr的去除率分别为93.5%、94.8%、10.8%和10.7%。采用序批式反应器,研究了以淀粉废水处理过程中的初沉池出水作为反硝化碳源的污染物降解特性与动力学特性;分别采用基于Monod方程的微分方程模型和分段零级反应动力学模型拟合试验数据。结果表明:反硝化过程中存在NO_2^--N积累现象,NO_2^--N最大积累率为61%;采用基于Monod方程的微分方程模型,能够很好地拟合水解酸化段废水作为碳源的反硝化过程中NO_3^--N、NO_2^--N以及NO_x^--N(NO_3^--N与NO_2^--N当量总和)浓度的变化趋势,NO_3^--N、NO_2^--N以及NO_x^--N的最大降解速率分别为24.21、12.78和15.97 mg/(g·h)(以MLVSS计);分段零级动力学模型能较好拟合NO_x^--N浓度随时间的变化趋势,阶段1和阶段2的反硝化速率分别为16.09和8.71 mg/(g·h)(以MLVSS计)。Considering the limit-exceeding problems of nitrogen and phosphorus in current cornstarch wastewater treatment,two solutions were put forward： one is to remove some pollutants by enhanced flocculation at the pretreatment stage; the other is to utilize the effluent of primary sedimentation tank as a carbon source for denitrification. The wastewater was treated by ferric chloride,aluminum sulfate,chitosan,and sodium alginate as flocculants,and optimum conditions were determined by single factor coagulation tests. The results showed that the ferric chloride was the suitable flocculant for treatment of cornstarch wastewater. When the dosing quantity of ferricchloride coagulant was 0. 40 g/L,pH was 4,temperature was 35 ℃,the removal rates of TP,SS,TN and CODCr were 93. 5%,94. 8%,10. 8% and 10. 7%,respectively. The pollutant degradation characteristics and dynamic characteristics were studied by sequencing batch reactor with the effluent of primary sedimentation tank as the carbon source for denitrification,and Monod equation and piecewise zero-order kinetic model were used to fit the experimental data. The results showed that NO_2--N accumulation was found in the denitrification process,and the accumulation rate was 61%. The predicted values of simulation parameters using Monod equation fit well with the measured data,and the maximum degradation rates of NO_3--N、NO_2--N and NO_x--N were 24. 21,12. 78 and 15. 97mg/（ g MLVSS·h） respectively. The concentrations of NO_x--N was also fit well by piecewise zero-order kinetic model and the denitrification rates of stage 1 and 2 were 16. 09 and 8. 71 mg/（ g MLVSS·h） respectively.

关 键 词：玉米淀粉废水 混凝 反硝化碳源 动力学模型 

分 类 号：X703[环境科学与工程—环境工程]