SLAB模型在某工厂液氨泄漏应急响应中的应用  

Application of SLAB model in liquid ammonia leakage emergency response

作　　者：杨静翎[1] 凌敏[1] YANG Jingling LING Min(Hunan Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Changsha 410004, China)

机构地区：[1]湖南省环境保护科学研究院,湖南长沙410004

出　　处：《环境工程技术学报》2017年第1期102-106,共5页Journal of Environmental Engineering Technology

摘　　要：以某工厂储存的液氨泄漏事故为研究对象,将SLAB模型运用到环境应急救援体系中。采用SLAB模型模拟了在冬季、低风速等较不利气象条件下液氨泄漏的IDLH(立即威胁生命和健康)浓度、短时间(15 min)容许接触浓度、居住区大气中有害物质的最高容许浓度的扩散范围。该模型的预测结果比较清晰地反映了环境事故发生后氨气可能扩散的危险区域:在泄漏时间为10 min时,泄漏源下风向0~435.8 m内地面浓度超过IDLH浓度;下风向435.8~797.1 m内地面浓度超过工作场所的短时间最高容许接触浓度;下风向797.1~1 031.6 m内地面浓度超过居住区大气中有害物质的最高容许浓度。根据以上预测结果,救援指挥者可以快速了解事故后果,及时做出正确的救援方案。Taking the leakage of stored liquid ammonia in a factory as the research object,the SLAB model was applied to simulate the environmental emergency rescue system for the leakage accident. The consequences in adverse environment conditions（ such as low wind speed in the winter） following the accident of liquid ammonia leakage were predicated by use of the SLAB model,including the concentration of immediate threat to life and health（ IDLH）, the permissible exposure concentration in 15 minutes, the diffusion range of the harmful substances＇ maximum permissible concentration in the residential atmosphere. The predicted results of the model clearly reflected the dangerous areas into which ammonia could possibly diffuse after the leakage accident.Specifically,within the areas of 0-435. 8,435. 8-797. 1 and 797. 1-1 031. 6 meters downwind from the leakage source,the ammonia ground concentrations respectively exceed IDLH,the maximum permissible concentration of ammonia in the workplace and the maximum permissible concentration of the harmful substances in the residential atmosphere,when the leakage time reaches 10 minutes. The rescue commanders can quickly comprehend the accident consequences according to the prediction,and make correct rescue programme in time.

关 键 词：环境应急 SLAB模型 预测 救援 

分 类 号：X507[环境科学与工程—环境工程]