拉美政治生态变化下的美洲玻利瓦尔联盟  

Bolivarian Alliance in the New Latin American Political Ecology

作　　者：李慧[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院拉丁美洲研究所综合理论研究室

出　　处：《拉丁美洲研究》2016年第6期66-76,156,共11页Journal of Latin American Studies

摘　　要：近来拉丁美洲地区的政治生态发生了深刻的变化,左翼势力集体退潮,由左翼发展中国家组成的美洲玻利瓦尔联盟随之陷入困境。该联盟遭遇的发展困境至少可以从三个方面探求其缘由。首先,联盟内部成员国的政治、经济形势发生转变。主要成员国步入政治过渡期,原有政策取向可能面临重新定位以及单一的经济来源使之遭遇连带危机。其次,联盟外部的生存环境发生了变化。阿根廷和巴西等地区盟友陷入困境,奥巴马时期美拉关系升温,弱化了联盟成员国一致的反美立场。最后,美洲玻利瓦尔联盟作为一体化组织既有特殊性又有普遍性。特殊性方面,该联盟有别于发展中小国一体化组织的一般形式,实际运行中是由委内瑞拉充当"大国"角色,其政治性特点局限了美洲玻利瓦尔联盟的发展。普遍性方面,联盟的发展受经济周期和政治周期左右,当前的困境是经济周期和政治周期叠加作用的结果。The profound changes in Latin American political ecology and the low tide of left- wing make the Bolivarian Alliance( ALBA) fall in trouble. The difficult situation could be attributed to at least three reasons. First, due to the political and economic changes of member countries, the original policy of the Alliance does not fit current environment,with the main member countries being now in the process of political transition and the economic dependence on Venezuela weakening the financial resources of ALBA. Second,external environment also changed. Regional left-wing allies are now in trouble and the improved relationship between United States and Latin American countries weakens the common position between regional allies and ALBA. Finally,ALBA is an integration organization made up of small-sized developing countries, with Venezuela playing the role of'dominant country',which limited the development of the organization.

关 键 词：拉美政治 美洲玻利瓦尔联盟 委内瑞拉 一体化 左翼 

分 类 号：D777.4[政治法律—政治学]