东海及黄海南部海域走航海-气CO_2通量季节性变化  

Seasonal Variability of Shipboard Air-Sea CO_2 Flux in the East China Sea and South Yellow Sea

作　　者：胡登辉[1,2] 高郭平[1,2] 翟惟东[3] 张春玲 

机构地区：[1]上海海洋大学海洋科学学院,上海201306 [2]大洋渔业资源可持续开发省部共建教育部重点实验,上海201306 [3]国家海洋环境监测中心,辽宁大连116023

出　　处：《海洋科学进展》2016年第4期474-485,共12页Advances in Marine Science

基　　金：上海市科委重点支撑项目--典型海域海-气CO2通量分析系统研制及应用示范(13230502000)

摘　　要：根据2003—2008年东海及黄海南部海域多个航次现场观测获得的海表温度、盐度及海水表层pCO_2观测数据,分析该海域海水表层pCO_2及海-气CO_2通量的季节变化特征,探讨了海-气界面CO_2转移与海表温度、盐度分布之间的联系。结果表明:该海域海水表层pCO_2及海-气CO_2通量具有显著的季节性差异。近海区域,春季受海表温度上升、生物作用加强的影响黄海南部、东海近岸区及陆架中部、东海南部表现为大气CO_2汇,其海-气界面季平均通量分别为(-7.77±6.59),(-11.08±8.99),(-2.94±6.78)mmol·m^(-2)·d^(-1)。夏季黄海南部区域表现为大气CO_2源(2.99±6.09)mmol·m^(-2)·d^(-1),与该海域的下层海水涌升有关,东海中部陆架区及东海南部近岸区由于淡水输入,形成跃层阻碍水体混合,再加上光合作用增强等的综合作用为大气CO_2汇,通量为(-4.81±8.92),(-0.75±12.14)mmol·m^(-2)·d^(-1)。秋季北风逐渐增强水体混合加剧,向冬季格局转变,底层富含CO_2的海水上涌,致使海表pCO_2升高,整个海区表现为大气CO_2源。在年际变化上,春季碳汇呈减弱趋势,而秋季碳源则逐渐增强。Seasonal variability of sea surface pCO_2 and air-sea CO_2 flux and relationship among air-sea CO_2 transfer,sea surface temperature and salinity are analyzed using field observation data from 2003 to 2008in Yangtze estuary and adjacent sea area.Results show that the sea surface pCO_2 and air-sea CO_2 have significant seasonal variations.The South Yellow Sea,the offshore area and middle continental shelf of the East China Sea,the South East China Sea all demonstrate atmospheric CO_2 convergence in spring due to the rising sea surface temperature and strengthening biological action,and their seasonal averaged air-sea CO_2 flux is（-7.77±6.59）,（-11.08±8.99）and（-2.94±6.78）（mmol·m^（-2）·d^（-1））,respectively.While,in summer,the South Yellow Sea is a CO_2source（2.99±6.09）（mmol·m^（-2）·d^（-1））due to weaker upwelling,and the offshore area and middle continental shelf of the East China sea（-4.81±8.92）（mmol·m^（-2）·d^（-1））,the South East China Sea（-0.75±12.14）（mmol·m^（-2）·d^（-1））are atmospheric CO_2 convergence zones,because thermocline is formed when fresh water input blocks water mixing,coupled with enhancement of photosynthesis.In autumn,due to enhanced northerly winds and increasing water mixing as well as upwelling of CO_2-rich sea water which increases sea surface pCO_2,the entire sea area becomes an atmospheric CO_2 source.In summary,carbon convergence presents a weakening trend in spring but a gradual increasing trend in autumn.

关 键 词：海-气CO2通量 二氧化碳分压 季节性变化 影响因素 

分 类 号：P734[天文地球—海洋化学]